Surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) of particles produced in premixed flame across soot threshold

Minutolo, P.; Rusciano, Giulia; Sgro, Lee Anne; Pesce, Giuseppe; Sasso, Antonio; D’Anna, Andrea

doi:10.1016/j.proci.2010.07.077

Cited by 26 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The increase in flame stoichiometry, promotes the formation of different concentrations of gas-phase carbonaceous byproducts like PAHs and, in turn, of organic nanoparticles and soot, which may also differ in terms of their chemical composition, e.g. percentage of aliphatic/aromatic functionalities. , Details of the investigated flame conditions are listed in Table .…”

Section: Experimental Set-up and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of Combustion-Generated Carbonaceous Nanoparticles by Size-Dependent Ultraviolet Laser Photoionization

et al. 2013

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Photoelectric charging of particles is a powerful tool for online characterization of submicrometer aerosol particles. Indeed photoionization based techniques have high sensitivity and chemical selectivity. Moreover, they yield information on electronic properties of the material and are sensitive to the state of the surface. In the present study the photoionization charging efficiency, i.e., the ratio between the generated positive ions and the corresponding neutral ones, for different classes of flame-generated carbonaceous nanoparticles was measured. The fifth harmonics of a Nd:YAG laser, 213 nm (5.82 eV), was used as an ionization source for the combustion generated nanoparticles, whereas a differential mobility analyzer (DMA) coupled to a Faraday cup electrometer was used for particle classification and detection. Carbonaceous nanoparticles in the nucleation mode, i.e., sizes ranging from 1 to 10 nm, show a photoionization charging efficiency clearly dependent on the flame conditions. In particular, we observed that the richer the flame is, i.e., the higher the equivalent ratio is, the higher the photon charging efficiency is. We hypothesized that such an increase in the photoionization propensity of the carbonaceous nanoparticles from richer flame condition is associated to the presence within the particles of larger aromatic moieties. The results clearly show that photoionization is a powerful diagnostic tool for the physical-chemical characterization of combustion aerosol, and it may lead to further insights into the soot formation mechanism.

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Section: Experimental Set-up and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…percentage of aliphatic/aromatic functionalities. 33,34 Details of the investigated flame conditions are listed in Table 1.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Combustion-Generated Carbonaceous Nanoparticles by Size-Dependent Ultraviolet Laser Photoionization

et al. 2013

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“…Resolving these issues will rely on the advancement of experimental capabilities. Whereas recent progresses in synchrotron‐based techniques31, 34–36 and other advanced tools37, 38 offer unique opportunities to close the experimental gap, methods that can be utilized to reliably image soot over its entire lifetime, especially during the early stage of its formation, are critical because of the inter‐dependency of the composition, size, and morphology. It would be beneficial if in situ techniques were developed and used to directly probe the morphology and structure of nascent soot in a flame, without having to extract particle samples from the flames.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Imaging Nanocarbon Materials: Soot Particles in Flames are Not Structurally Homogeneous

et al. 2013

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For the first time, nascent soot particles are probed by using helium-ion microscopy (HIM). HIM is a technique that is similar to scanning electron microscopy (SEM) but it can achieve higher contrast and improved surface sensitivity, especially for carbonaceous materials. The HIM microscope yields images with a high contrast, which allows for the unambiguous recognition of smaller nascent soot particles than those observed in previous transmission electron microscopy studies. The results indicate that HIM is ideal for rapid and reliable probing of the morphology of nascent soot, with surface details visible down to approximately 5 nm, and particles as small as 2 nm are detectable. The results also show that nascent soot is structurally and chemically inhomogeneous, and even the smallest particles can have shapes that deviate from a perfect sphere.

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A comparison of chemical structures of soot precursor nanoparticles from liquid fuel combustion in flames and engine

Paul

Datta

et al. 2013

J Nanopart Res

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Surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) of particles produced in premixed flame across soot threshold

Cited by 26 publications

References 33 publications

Characterization of Combustion-Generated Carbonaceous Nanoparticles by Size-Dependent Ultraviolet Laser Photoionization

Characterization of Combustion-Generated Carbonaceous Nanoparticles by Size-Dependent Ultraviolet Laser Photoionization

Imaging Nanocarbon Materials: Soot Particles in Flames are Not Structurally Homogeneous

A comparison of chemical structures of soot precursor nanoparticles from liquid fuel combustion in flames and engine

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