Surface Functionalized Polypropylene:  Synthesis, Characterization, and Adhesion Properties

Abstract

Modification of polypropylene by hyperbranched grafting with a poly(acrylic acid) graft was carried out using techniques previously used with gold, aluminum, silicon, and polyethylene surfaces. An initial etching oxidation produced a modified polypropylene that was presumed to contain carboxylic acid functional groups (though none were detected by IR spectroscopy). Then, a series of repetitive grafting experiments using an α,ω-diamine derivative of poly(tert-butyl acrylate) were used to produce surfaces containing significant amounts of poly(acrylic acid). The resulting surfaces were characterized by ATR-IR spectroscopy, contact angle measurements, and XPS spectroscopy. Treatment of the surfaces with alkali produced a more hydrophilic carboxylate surface. Treatment of these surfaces first with ethyl chloroformate followed by pentadecylfluorooctylamine produced a hydrophobic fluorinated surface. Mechanical tests show that such surface modification not only serves as a route to modify polypropylene's hydrophilicity/hydrophobicitysuch modification substantially affects the adhesive strength between this modified polypropylene and an epoxy adhesive. Double cantilever beam tests show that adhesion increases from 2 J/m2 for unmodified polypropylene to up to 29 J/m2 with the modified polypropylene.

Assembling hyperbranched polymerics

“…101 Selective treatment of the activated surfaces by pentadecylfluorooctylamine allowed the alternation of the surface properties from initially hydrophilic to completely hydrophobic. Bergbreiter and Tao 102 have introduced new synthetic methods for modifying the carboxylic acid groups of hyperbranched surface films.…”

Self‐Assembly in Water of Poly(acrylic acid)‐Based Diblock Copolymers Synthesized by Nitroxide‐Mediated Polymerization

“…[14] An alternative method to obtain poly(acrylic acid) with controlled dimensions and narrow polydispersity consists of preparing a precursor that can be chemically modified leading to the poly(acrylic acid). Generally, the precursor used in this way is poly(tert-butyl acrylate) which can be easily hydrolyzed in poly(acrylic acid) by the deprotection reaction with acids (e.g., hydrochloric acid, [15] p-toluenesulfonic acid, [16] methanesulfonic acid, [17] trifluoroacetic acid [10,18,19] ). However, Charleux and co-workers have reported the first direct nitroxide-mediated polymerization of acrylic acid in the presence of SG1 and dioxane as solvent avoiding transfer reaction.…”

The Effects of the Dehumidifying Membrane Dryer for the Curing Processes of Waterborne Adhesives

“…폴리프로필렌은 가장 널리 알려져 있는 범용 열가 소성 플라스틱으로써, 용이한 가공성, 훌륭한 물리적, 열역학적 성질, 재활용 가능, 낮은 가격 때문에 특히 나 자동차, 의학 장치, 전자 등의 응용범위가 다양하 다 [1][2][3][4]. 그러나 폴리프로필렌의 낮은 표면에너지 성질 로 인해 접착소재와 피착 표면과의 상호작용이 적어 다른 극성 물질에 비해 낮은 접착력을 가지고 있다 [5,6].…”