Surface Geochemistry

Dembicki, Jr. Harry

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-803350-0.00006-4

Cited by 25 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Petroleum occurs naturally composing predominantly of carbon and hydrogen and little amounts of other elements such as sulphur, nitrogen and oxygen ( Dembicki Harry, 2017 ). Hydrocarbons are the most abundant compounds in petroleum; they are either saturated (hydrogen-containing carbon-to-carbon single bonds) or unsaturated (hydrogen-containing at least one carbon-to-carbon double or triple bond) ( Speight, 2017 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological and human health risk assessment of total petroleum hydrocarbons in surface water and sediment from Woji Creek in the Niger Delta Estuary of Rivers State, Nigeria

Ihunwo

Onyema

Wekpe

et al. 2021

Heliyon

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This study was designed to assess total petroleum hydrocarbon (THP) concentrations in the surface water and sediment sampled from Woji Creek and to assess potential ecological and human health risk due to petroleum hydrocarbons along the creek. Physicochemical parameters [pH, temperature (T), electrical conductivity (EC), dissolved oxygen (DO), total dissolved solids (TDS)] were in-situ measured from sediment and surface water; hydrological parameters (width, depth and volume) were used to calculate the flow rate (discharge) at different stations of the creek. Trend of TPH in the surface water samples along the creek were as follows: St4 (3.639 AE 1.121 mg/L) > St3 (2.449 AE 0.623 mg/L) > St1 (1.457 AE 0.244 mg/L) > St2 (1.069 AE 0.228 mg/L) > St5 (1.010 AE 0.120 mg/L) Trend of TPH concentration across the creek was as follows: St1 -8.758 AE 0.697 mg/kg > St3 -7.675 AE 0.541 mg/kg > St5 -5.515 AE 0.401 mg/kg > St4 -5.075 AE 0.363 mg/kg > St2 -3.162 AE 0.307 mg/kg. Diagnostic indices indicate that the hydrocarbon in the creek was from petrogenic source. Estimation of ecological risk indicated risk in the surface water but not in the sediment. However, human health risk assessment indicated no risk due to human ingestion of the sediment or surface water.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological and human health risk assessment of total petroleum hydrocarbons in surface water and sediment from Woji Creek in the Niger Delta Estuary of Rivers State, Nigeria

Ihunwo

Onyema

Wekpe

et al. 2021

Heliyon

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“…The remaining three samples are not composed of sedimentary OM type I. This has been a major pitfall of programmed pyrolysis interpretative plots (such as the modified van Krevelen diagram, right plot in Figure A) identified by many studies over the years. , This pitfall becomes problematic when the OM in the source rock of interest is rich in organic sulfur (type IS and type IIS kerogens), either in its entirety or by having organic facies that are rich in organic sulfur. Examples of both situations are the Monterey Shale ,, and sulfur-rich organic facies of the Eagle Ford Formation in Texas. , …”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sulfur Differentiation in Organic-Rich Shales and Carbonates via Open-System Programmed Pyrolysis and Oxidation: Insights into Fluid Souring and H₂S Production in the Bakken Shale, United States

2021

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The amount of organic sulfur influences the kinetic behavior of kerogen upon thermal maturation as well as the crude quality and sourness. There has always been an interest to specify the amount and different forms of sulfur in source and reservoir rocks. In this study, we analyzed 28 samples from the Bakken Formation having different maturities and 5 samples from other shales containing type I, type IS, or type IIS kerogen using the Rock-Eval 7S instrument. Total sulfur data were compared to those from LECO SC-632 and CHNS elemental analyzer, with excellent to very good correlation, respectively. The sulfur index is a fast and reliable method to differentiate between type I and type II kerogens against their S-rich counterparts. Organic sulfur in the Bakken is not massively associated with S2 but with the refractory component of total organic carbon (S4). Thus, not all total organic sulfur (TOS) is responsible for the early generation of liquid hydrocarbons in organic-rich shales. Also, TOS should not be used as an indicator of kerogens being “type S”. Residual Sorg in the Bakken increased with maturity, and a considerable amount was available to generate H2S at relatively low temperatures via aquathermolysis, a process that occurs in the Greater Permian Basin. High concentrations of residual TOS in the Bakken (average of 2.3 wt % on whole-rock basis) meet the minimum of 1.4 wt % S (on a kerogen basis) required for H2S production. This suggests a possible correlation between TOS and high H2S production in Williston and other basins.

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“…While a number of equations have been published for correlating BR o and T max, − no unified method has been established. As a result, Gentzis and Goodarzi, and Dembicki discuss in their prior research that these kinds of equations should be applied cautiously. In this study, we showed that VR o and BR o equations from Liu et al and Abarghani et al, respectively, are directly related to the kinetic parameters ( E a and A ) and T max .…”

Section: Study Area and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combining Source Rock Kinetics and Vitrinite Reflectance in Source Rock Evaluation of the Bakken Formation, Williston Basin, USA

et al. 2021

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The elements of Bakken Petroleum System consist of two source rocks with high underlying burial depths for significant hydrocarbon generation. However, this deep hydrocarbon generation process is dependent on its kinetic properties, thermal maturity, and geochemical properties. The statistical compensation effect is a complicating factor in the kinetic analyses of the Bakken Formation. In this study, we experimentally determined the kinetics of the Bakken formation source beds, observed the presence of the residual compensation effect, and numerically established a correlation between the kinetic parameters, thermal maturity indices ( T max ), and the vitrinite reflectance (VR o ) and bitumen reflectance (BR o ). First, we conducted source rock analysis to determine kinetic properties and the organic geochemical assays of reactive kerogen in the Bakken source beds. Finally, we incorporated previous established studies to generate numerical correlation for T max in terms of VR o and BR o reflectance. Our kinetic results show evidence of the residual compensation effect in the Bakken Formation when samples are repeatedly analyzed. The simultaneous linear expression of the residual compensation effect and the regression analysis of the solutions to the Kissinger equation for heating rate, yielded a kinetic parameter solution that correlates with T max . Furthermore, recalculated T max values established a correlation between the kinetic parameters, T max , VR o , and BR o . The application of state-of-the-art numerical correlations to measure subsurface kinetics, source rock richness, and burial-depth temperatures will enhance the accuracy of reservoir exploration and hydrocarbon production within the Bakken Formation.

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Surface Geochemistry

Cited by 25 publications

References 20 publications

Ecological and human health risk assessment of total petroleum hydrocarbons in surface water and sediment from Woji Creek in the Niger Delta Estuary of Rivers State, Nigeria

Ecological and human health risk assessment of total petroleum hydrocarbons in surface water and sediment from Woji Creek in the Niger Delta Estuary of Rivers State, Nigeria

Sulfur Differentiation in Organic-Rich Shales and Carbonates via Open-System Programmed Pyrolysis and Oxidation: Insights into Fluid Souring and H₂S Production in the Bakken Shale, United States

Combining Source Rock Kinetics and Vitrinite Reflectance in Source Rock Evaluation of the Bakken Formation, Williston Basin, USA

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Surface Geochemistry

Cited by 25 publications

References 20 publications

Ecological and human health risk assessment of total petroleum hydrocarbons in surface water and sediment from Woji Creek in the Niger Delta Estuary of Rivers State, Nigeria

Ecological and human health risk assessment of total petroleum hydrocarbons in surface water and sediment from Woji Creek in the Niger Delta Estuary of Rivers State, Nigeria

Sulfur Differentiation in Organic-Rich Shales and Carbonates via Open-System Programmed Pyrolysis and Oxidation: Insights into Fluid Souring and H2S Production in the Bakken Shale, United States

Combining Source Rock Kinetics and Vitrinite Reflectance in Source Rock Evaluation of the Bakken Formation, Williston Basin, USA

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Sulfur Differentiation in Organic-Rich Shales and Carbonates via Open-System Programmed Pyrolysis and Oxidation: Insights into Fluid Souring and H₂S Production in the Bakken Shale, United States