Surface hardness improvement of PMMA by low‐energy ion irradiation and electron irradiation

Sakurabayashi, Yuya; Masaki, Takahiro; Iwao, Toru; Yumoto, Motoshiga

doi:10.1002/ecj.10350

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Based on this conclusion, the fact that γ S p in Table did not grow after 5 min even though the content of oxygen and nitrogen increased (Table ) can be explained as follows: The surface energy saturated as the treatment time exceeded 5 min, while oxygen and nitrogen penetrated too deep to affect surface energy .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The ambient gas is nitrogen which is expected to suppress surface roughening and to change chemical bondings. Though the ambient gas is nitrogen, around 1000 ppm oxygen remains, and introduction of the oxygen to sample surface is found . Then, power of 25 W is injected to the plasma space to generate plasma, and irradiate ions to the sample.…”

Section: Experimental Setup and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Surface Modification of PTFE Using Low‐Energy Nitrogen Ion Irradiation: Improvement in Adhesive Strength on Modification of Deep Modifying Layer

Takata

Iwao

Yumoto

2016

Elect Comm in Japan

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SUMMARY Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) has the best properties as a material of high‐frequency PC board. However, it has low adhesion force for using cabling material. In order to improve adhesion force, we studied on surface modification of PTFE by using nitrogen ion irradiation. As a result, peel strengths of PTFE improved up to 900 N/m to amount of treatment time. On the other hand, surface energy did not increase. From here onward, improved peel strengths on modified surface could be forecasted because of a change that is binding state of modified layer. The compositions of surface on samples after peel test were analyzed so as to prove the hypothesis. As a result, adhesive/PTFE system occurred to destruction in deep portion of modified layer. Moreover, binding of oxygen could be existed with long treatment time. Therefore, it was suggested that the brittle layer of deep modifying layer needs to be modified for the improvement of adhesive strength.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Experimental Setup and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Modification of PTFE Using Low‐Energy Nitrogen Ion Irradiation: Improvement in Adhesive Strength on Modification of Deep Modifying Layer

Takata

Iwao

Yumoto

2016

Elect Comm in Japan

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“…These outcomes emphasize the significant role played by MSiO 2 nanoparticles in improving surface hardness, which can be attributed to their inherent brittleness and high hardness relative to PMMA. Furthermore, the 3D cross‐linking between PMMA and MSiO 2 play a vital role in restraining the movement of molecular chains under applied stress, facilitating the formation of a harder surface 51,52 . The surface hardness of MSiO 2 /PMMA with promising scratch‐resistance enhances significantly under the premise in high transparency, making it applicable in various industries where the protection of underlying surfaces is crucial, such as automotive, aerospace, and electronics.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of a novel SiO₂/PMMA nanocomposite with high transparency, thermal stability, and superior surface hardness via gamma‐radiation polymerization

Dong,

Mao,

Wang

et al. 2024

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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Heat‐resistant, highly surface‐hardened, and transparent composites of poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) play a significant role in modern devices. However, conventional PMMA‐based composites with high nanoparticle loadings often compromise transparency for high surface hardness and heat resistance due to nanoparticle aggregation and poor interfacial compatibility. In this work, we successfully fabricated an exceptional composite (MSiO2/PMMA composites) with high transparency, superior heat resistance, and high surface hardness using γ‐ray irradiation‐induced polymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) containing uniformly dispersed SiO2 that was modified by 3‐methacryloxypropyl trimethoxysilane and trimethylchlorosilane. Specific silanes were utilized for polarity regulation to reduce the agglomeration of SiO2 nanoparticles and improve compatibility with MMA. Compared to pure PMMA, the 40‐MSiO2/PMMA composite sample exhibited significantly improved thermal stability in terms of the temperature at 10% weight loss (T10%), glass transition temperature (Tg), and decreased coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE). Furthermore, this composite achieves a very high surface hardness (pencil hardness of 6H versus H for pure PMMA) while maintaining transparency similar to PMMA. These MSiO2/PMMA composites open up new avenues to enhance the performance and durability of materials used in various industries such as electronics, optics, automotive, and aerospace.

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“…A modificação de superfície de materiais poliméricos é fundamental para alcançar melhores propriedades mecânicas, tribológicas e morfológicas [4][5][6]. Técnicas com a irradiação iônica, para aumento da dureza [7] e imersão em plasma de baixa potência a fim de melhoria nas propriedades ópticas [8] aplicadas ao PMMA são exemplos de recentes aplicações da engenharia de superfícies ao material.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Implantação de Íons de Nitrogênio em PMMA Através de uma Fonte Kaufman

Fontoura¹,

Wanke²,

Aguzzoli³

2017

Sci. cum Ind.

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ResumoA modificação de superfícies é uma técnica que a engenharia tem feito uso há muito tempo, para melhoria de propriedades em materiais. O poli metil-metacrilato (PMMA), por ser um material de constante uso em aplicações biomédicas, exige que sua superfície apresente características favoráveis à adesão celular e compatibilidade com tecidos. Os polímeros, de uma maneira geral, quando submetidos a tratamentos em plasma, tendem a formar grupos funcionais que alteram propriedades ópticas, químicas, físicas e de biocompatibilidade. Em função disso, este trabalho propôs realizar a funcionalização de substratos de PMMA através da fonte de íons Kaufman. Amostras de PMMA foram submetidas ao feixe de íons de nitrogênio gerado pela fonte Kaufman, em diversas condições. A caracterização foi feita pelas técnicas de GD-OES, FTIR e EDS. Ficou comprovado, através do perfil de concentração de nitrogênio obtido por GD-OES, que a quantidade de nitrogênio na superfície aumenta gradativamente com o tempo de implantação e a potência. Outro indício foi a análise em FTIR, que mostrou presença de aminas nas faixas entre 1654-655 cm -1 e 3300-3700 cm -1 . A análise em EDS, porém, comprovou também a presença de ferro e cromo, agentes citotóxicos, que precisam ser eliminados para a continuidade dos trabalhos. Palavras-chaveImplantação de íons de nitrogênio, fonte de íons Kaufman, modificação superficial de PMMA Implantation of Nitrogen Ions through a Kaufman Ion Source AbstractSurface modification is a technique that engineering has been using for a long time, in order to improve the properties of materials. Poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), for being a material of constant use in biomedical applications, demands that its surface offers favorable characteristics in cell adhesion and tissue compatibility. Polymers, generally speaking, when submitted to plasma treatments, tend to form functional groups that alter optical, chemical, physical and biocompatibility properties. Taking all of this into consideration, this work proposed to functionalize PMMA substrates through a Kaufman ion source. PMMA samples were submitted to a nitrogen ion beam generated through the Kaufman source, in different conditions. Characterization was carried out by the techniques of GD-OES, FTIR and EDS. It was proved, through nitrogen concentration profile obtained by GD-OES, that the amount of nitrogen in the surface increased gradually with implantation time and supplied power. The FTIR analysis was another evidence of nitrogen presence, as amines were detected in the bands between 1654-655 cm -1 and 3300-3700 cm -1 . The EDS analysis, though, proved that iron and chromium, cytotoxic agents, are also present and therefore, they must be eliminated from the process, so that future studies can be carried out.

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Surface hardness improvement of PMMA by low‐energy ion irradiation and electron irradiation

Cited by 8 publications

References 6 publications

Surface Modification of PTFE Using Low‐Energy Nitrogen Ion Irradiation: Improvement in Adhesive Strength on Modification of Deep Modifying Layer

Surface Modification of PTFE Using Low‐Energy Nitrogen Ion Irradiation: Improvement in Adhesive Strength on Modification of Deep Modifying Layer

Preparation of a novel SiO₂/PMMA nanocomposite with high transparency, thermal stability, and superior surface hardness via gamma‐radiation polymerization

Implantação de Íons de Nitrogênio em PMMA Através de uma Fonte Kaufman

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Surface hardness improvement of PMMA by low‐energy ion irradiation and electron irradiation

Cited by 8 publications

References 6 publications

Surface Modification of PTFE Using Low‐Energy Nitrogen Ion Irradiation: Improvement in Adhesive Strength on Modification of Deep Modifying Layer

Surface Modification of PTFE Using Low‐Energy Nitrogen Ion Irradiation: Improvement in Adhesive Strength on Modification of Deep Modifying Layer

Preparation of a novel SiO2/PMMA nanocomposite with high transparency, thermal stability, and superior surface hardness via gamma‐radiation polymerization

Implantação de Íons de Nitrogênio em PMMA Através de uma Fonte Kaufman

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Preparation of a novel SiO₂/PMMA nanocomposite with high transparency, thermal stability, and superior surface hardness via gamma‐radiation polymerization