Surface holography with LEED electrons

Heinz, K.; Starke, Ulrich; Bernhardt, J.

doi:10.1016/s0079-6816(00)00011-3

Cited by 29 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…6a, which led to the proposal of another variant of the DAS model with only one adatom and two cornerholes in the Si layer [65] as well as a simple Si tetramer model [66]. However, a holographic interpretation of the experimental LEED data [67,68] cannot be correlated to these models. The holographic reconstruction shows the surrounding of the adatom and reveals its position to be on top of a trimer of atoms which in turn sits above two deeper atoms as shown in Fig.…”

Section: (3×3)-sic(0001): Dangling Bond Saturation and Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atomic Structure of SiC Surfaces

Starke

2004

Silicon Carbide

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Section: (3×3)-sic(0001): Dangling Bond Saturation and Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atomic Structure of SiC Surfaces

Starke

2004

Silicon Carbide

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“…It transpires that perfecting this image is the hardest part in the practical implementation of DIH. Guided by the experience in photoelectron and LEED holography [22] we have implemented the following procedure:…”

Section: Experimental Set-upmentioning

confidence: 99%

Digital in-line holography with photons and electrons

Kreuzer

Jericho

Meinertzhagen

et al. 2001

J. Phys.: Condens. Matter

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We review the status of digital in-line holography with numerical reconstruction. Its application in optics with a laser as a source of coherent radiation has been perfected in recent years with optimal resolution achievable on a routine basis in such diverse areas as three-dimensional mapping and tracking of micron-sized particle distributions, growth of polymer spherulite, and structural studies of cells and microorganisms. Digital in-line holography with coherent low-energy electron beams from an atomic-sized field emitter tip has now achieved nanoscale resolution and can, according to theoretical simulations and estimates, achieve atomic resolution, one hopes in the near future.

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“…At a single energy, variation within an intensity map is with both the surface-parallel and vertical components of the wave vector, k || and k ⊥ , respectively, so E = (2) is carried out by using d 3 k = d 2 k || dk ⊥ where an energy step width of about 5 eV (i.e. of the order of the optical potential) proves to be sufficient [15,22]. The maps were made to enter the transform integral (equation (2)) where the simplest kernel, i.e.…”

Section: Real-space Images From Diffuse Intensity Distributionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Holographic low-energy electron diffraction

Heinz

Seubert

Saldin

2001

J. Phys.: Condens. Matter

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In holographic low-energy electron diffraction an atom protruding from a surface acts as a beam splitter for the incoming electron beam, creating a reference wave and, by subsequent substrate scattering, an object wave. In this sense, the method corresponds closely to traditional optical holography. The present power of the technique is demonstrated and sources of image degradation are pointed out. Additionally, we describe new developments designed to reduce the influence of the corresponding disturbing scattering processes. These are concerned in particular with the appearance of false atoms and incorrect atom positions. It will be demonstrated that these features can be avoided by the use of a proper kernel in the transform integral. Also, an iterative reconstruction procedure can be applied. This can also be used to reduce the influence of substrate reconstructions induced by the beam splitter, but, in that case, a hybrid of a reconstruction and a data-fitting procedure is applied. Adatoms on surfaces as holographic beam splittersIt is well known that Gabor's original ideas concerning holography concentrated on electrons (to improve the resolution in electron microscopy) rather than on optical holography [1]. Yet, he was well aware of the intrinsic obstacles hindering the rapid realization of his ideas at the time. For using electrons he had to concede that . . . in light optics a coherent background can be produced in many ways, but electron optics does not possess effective beam splitting devices . . . [2]. The coherent background was meant to provide the reference wave R which is made to interfere with the wave diffracted by the object, i.e. the object wave O, in order to form the hologram. The corresponding set-up is indicated schematically on the left of figure 1, using photons rather than electrons as has become possible since the arrival of the laser. The use of a simple semi-transparent mirror as a beam splitter and the excellent coherence properties of lasers (typical order of coherence length L c : ≈10 m) guarantee that R and O can interfere, as

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Surface holography with LEED electrons

Cited by 29 publications

References 38 publications

Atomic Structure of SiC Surfaces

Atomic Structure of SiC Surfaces

Digital in-line holography with photons and electrons

Holographic low-energy electron diffraction

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