Surface modification of graphite by low‐temperature oxygen plasma and SnO₂FeO(OH) coatings for lithium storage

Abstract

Graphite powders are exfoliated by Li + /Na + co-intercalation to obtain exfoliated graphite, and then the surfaces are modified with oxygen-containing functional groups by oxygen plasma etching to alter the chemical properties of surface. For advanced graphite anodes of lithium ions batteries, here finestructured SnO 2 FeO(OH) coatings are constructed on the oxidated surfaces of graphite by an electrostatic adsorption method. Electrochemical tests show that surface modified graphite has higher capacity and better rate performance than pristine graphite, and the specific discharge capacity is reached to 400 mAh g À1 at a current of 37.2 mA g À1 (0.1C), which is increased by 27.8% compared with the pristine graphite anode.

Electrospinning synthesis of few‐layer hexagonal antimonene nanosheets as anode for lithium‐ion batteries

“…To obtain high lithium storage capacity, many efforts have been made to explore novel anode materials. Two effective strategies have been carried out: (i) Based on the high theoretical capacity of Si (3579 mAh g −1 ), black phosphorus (BP, 2592 mAh g −1 ), and Ge (1568 mAh g −1 ), 4–6 binary composites are developed as the anodes to improve the energy density of LIBs including C–Si, 7 C–P, 8 and C–Ge 9 ; (ii) 2D materials are expected as a new class of anode materials for the future LIBs due to their outstanding electrochemical performance, such as transition metal dichalcogenides, 10 MXenes, 11 and g‐C 3 N 4. 12 Additionally, some new graphene‐like 2D materials such as antimonene, borophene, bismuthene, and silicene have been mentioned with intriguing properties 13 .…”