“…[13][14][15][16][17][18] Despite their inherent excellent properties, TiO 2 NPs have several drawbacks such as agglomeration and poor interaction with organic materials. [5,19] However, these problems can be overcome through modification of these NPs by combining them with silica (SiO 2 ). Silica-titania (SiO 2 -TiO 2 ) composite NPs are interesting materials, because of their remarkable photocatalytic efficiency, durability, [1,[20][21][22][23] and suitability for use as scaffold layer in perovskite solar cells, [24] which are enhanced with respect to those of TiO 2 NPs, as SiO 2 increases the mechanical and thermal stability, adsorption ability, and specific surface area of the NPs.…”