Surface modification of neurotrophin‐3 loaded PCL/chitosan nanofiber/net by alginate hydrogel microlayer for enhanced biocompatibility in neural tissue engineering

Abstract

This study prepared a novel three‐dimensional nanocomposite scaffold by the surface modification of PCL/chitosan nanofiber/net with alginate hydrogel microlayer, hoping to have the privilege of both nanofibers and hydrogels simultaneously. Bead free randomly oriented nanofiber/net (NFN) structure composed of chitosan and polycaprolactone (PCL) was fabricated by electrospinning method. The low surface roughness, good hydrophilicity, and high porosity were obtained from the NFN structure. Then, the PCL/chitosan nanofiber/net was coated with a microlayer of alginate containing neurotrophin‐3 (NT‐3) and conjunctiva mesenchymal stem cells (CJMSCs) as a new stem cell source. According to the cross‐sectional FESEM, the scaffold shows a two‐layer structure with interconnected pores in the range of 20 μm diameter. The finding revealed that the surface modification of nanofiber/net by alginate hydrogel microlayer caused lower inflammatory response and higher proliferation of CJMSCs than the unmodified scaffold. The initial burst release of NT‐3 was 69% in 3 days which followed by a sustained release up to 21 days. The RT‐PCR analysis showed that the expression of Nestin, MAP‐2, and β‐tubulin III genes were increased 6, 5.4, and 8.8‐fold, respectively. The results revealed that the surface‐modified biomimetic scaffold possesses enhanced biocompatibility and could successfully differentiate CJMSCs to the neuron‐like cells.

Carbohydrate based biomaterials for neural interface applications

“…Subsequently, the surface of these fibers was modified with a microlayer of alginate hydrogel containing neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) and conjunctiva mesenchymal stem cells (CJMSCs) as a stem cell source. This biomimetic scaffold demonstrated the increased expression of Nestin, MAP-2 and b-tubulin III genes indicating the successful differentiation of stem cells into neuronlike cells 281 for spinal cord injury treatment.…”

“…Chitosan based conductive scaffolds 220,279,280 Chitosan-based hydrogel for encapsulation of biological molecules 281…”

Marine Biopolymers as Bioactive Functional Ingredients of Electrospun Nanofibrous Scaffolds for Biomedical Applications

“…In addition, chitosan electrospun nanofibers have been proposed as ideal candidates for the development of tissue engineering scaffolds [ 145 , 201 , 202 , 203 , 204 ]. Figueira et al (2016) fabricated a novel layer-by-layer nanofibrous scaffold of PCL–hyaluronic acid/chitosan–zein loaded with salicylic acid for skin tissue regeneration.…”

Polysaccharide-based nanocomposites for biomedical applications: a critical review

“…There are studies that have used PSA-based nanocomposites to emulate autologous nerve. Among all, chitosan-based nanocomposites [197][198][199][200][201][202][203][204][205] are the most frequent ones. To name a few, Karami et al utilized the electrospinning method to fabricate a scaffold consisting of poly(hydroxybutyrate) nanostructures and chitosan, which is reported as a suitable nerve graft.…”