Surface modification of polypropylene using argon plasma: Statistical optimization of the process variables

Nageswaran, Gomathi; Neogi, Sudarsan

doi:10.1016/j.apsusc.2009.04.034

Cited by 87 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…In principle, it offers significant advantages: uniformly diverse functional coating deposition on various surfaces (even on complex 3D structures); precise control of thickness; and adaptability for large mass production processing. Surface amination by PECVD has previously been studied using, e.g., ethylene diamine (EDA) as precursor on different substrates (Gomathi 2008, Jung 2006, Slocik 2006. Unfortunately, the adhesion and stability of these PECVD deposited EDA films onto cycloolefin polymers were very poor (unpublished data).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reactive amine surfaces for biosensor applications, prepared by plasma-enhanced chemical vapour modification of polyolefin materials

Volcke

Gandhiraman

Gubala

et al. 2010

Biosensors and Bioelectronics

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Functionalization of the plastic chips for selective immobilization of biomolecules is one of the key challenges to be addressed in commercialization of the next-generation point-of-care (POC) diagnostics devices. Multistep liquid-phase deposition process requires a large quantity of solvent to be used in anhydrous conditions, providing quantity of industrial liquid waste. We, in this work, have demonstrated a solventless plasma-based process that integrates low-cost, high throughput, high reproducibility and ecofriendly process for the functionalization of POC device platforms. Amine functionalities have been deposited by plasma-enhanced chemical vapour deposition 2 (PECVD) using a new precursor. For a successful and efficient plasma functionalization process, an understanding of the influence of plasma process parameters on the surface characteristics is essential. The influence of the plasma RF power and the deposition time on the deposited amount of amino functionalities and on their capacity to immobilize nano-objects (i.e., nanoparticles) and biomolecules (i.e. DNA) was examined. Surfacial properties were related to the binding capacity of the films and to the amino content, as revealed by the Ònanoparticle approachÓ and DNA attachment experiments. The key process determinants were to have a sufficient power in the plasma to activate and partially fragment the monomer but not too much as to lose the reactive amine functionality, and sufficient deposition time to develop a reactive layer but not to consume or erode the amine reactivity. An immunoassay performed using human immunoglobulin (IgG) as a model analyte shows an improvement of the detection limit by two orders of magnitude beyond that obtained using devices activated by liquid-phase reaction.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reactive amine surfaces for biosensor applications, prepared by plasma-enhanced chemical vapour modification of polyolefin materials

Volcke

Gandhiraman

Gubala

et al. 2010

Biosensors and Bioelectronics

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“…A lack of fit test measures the failure of the model to represent the data in the experimental domains at points that are not included in the regression (Gomathi and Neogi 2009). If a model has a significant lack of fit, it is not a good predictor of a particular response, and it should not be used.…”

Section: Effect Of Shs Treatment Temperature and Retention Time On Hementioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of Superheated Steam Treatment to Improve Surface Modification of Oil Palm Biomass Fiber

et al. 2016

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Superheated steam (SHS) pretreatment is an effective method for hemicellulose removal from oil palm biomass (OPB) fiber, which leads to the surface modification of the fiber. However, the current SHS pretreatment is conducted at a high temperature and has a long retention time, which causes the removal of cellulose, which is an important component for biocomposite production. This study was conducted to optimize the SHS treatment temperature and retention time so that hemicellulose but not cellulose was removed. Three types of OPB fibers were used: oil palm mesocarp fiber (OPMF), oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB), and oil palm frond (OPF). The chemical composition data was analyzed using a type of response surface methodology (RSM), i.e., central composite design (CCD). The optimal SHS treatment temperature and retention time were 265 °C/5 min, 280 °C/5 min, and 300 °C/9 min for OPMF, OPEFB, and OPF, respectively. The removal of hemicellulose at these temperatures was in the range of 60% to 70%, while the cellulose degradation was maintained below 5%. Statistical analysis showed that the optimal SHS treatment time can be shortened to 5 min to 9 min, which is 18 to 20 times shorter than previously reported methods.

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“…11 With the design of experiments, the relationship between the process variables and the response is established. 12,13 Response surface methodology (RSM), which is applicable for a maximum of five variables, was used in this study to optimize the process conditions to maximize the wettability of the polycarbonate. The effects of plasma treatment on the surface chemistry and surface morphology of the polycarbonate were studied in detail.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface modification of polycarbonate by radio‐frequency plasma and optimization of the process variables with response surface methodology

Nageswaran

Eswaraiah

Neogi

2009

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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This study deals with the radio-frequency plasma treatment of polycarbonate surfaces with argon. The wettability of polycarbonate was examined by static contact angle measurements with polar solvents (deionized water and formamide) and a nonpolar solvent (diiodomethane). The surface free energy of the polycarbonate obtained from the measured contact angle demonstrated that exposure to argon plasma resulted in an increased surface energy and polarity compared to the untreated polycarbonate. Attenuated total reflection/Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy indicated that argon plasma treatment resulted in surface chemistry changes by hydrogen abstraction from the phenyl ring and methyl group and chain scission at the ether and carbonyl sites. These led to the formation of hydroxyl groups and double bonds. With scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy analysis, changes in the surface morphology and roughness before and after plasma treatment were observed. We followed an experimental matrix with the identified process variables affecting the wettability of the polymer, and optimized the experiments with the response surface methodology of a central composite design. A quadratic model was developed to represent the surface energy in terms of process variables. Optimized process conditions were derived from the predicted model and were confirmed by the experimental data at the predicted optimum conditions. The prediction accuracy of the model was found to be very high.

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Surface modification of polypropylene using argon plasma: Statistical optimization of the process variables

Cited by 87 publications

References 36 publications

Reactive amine surfaces for biosensor applications, prepared by plasma-enhanced chemical vapour modification of polyolefin materials

Reactive amine surfaces for biosensor applications, prepared by plasma-enhanced chemical vapour modification of polyolefin materials

Optimization of Superheated Steam Treatment to Improve Surface Modification of Oil Palm Biomass Fiber

Surface modification of polycarbonate by radio‐frequency plasma and optimization of the process variables with response surface methodology

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