Surface organic carbon enrichment to explain greater CO2 emissions from short-term no-tilled soils

Chaplot, Vincent; Abdalla, Khatab; Alexis, Marie; Bourennane, Hocine; Darboux, Frédéric; Dlamini, Phesheya; Everson, C. S.; Mchunu, Charmaine; Müller-Nedebock, Daniel; Mutema, Macdex; Quénéa, Katell; Thenga, H.; Chivenge, Pauline

doi:10.1016/j.agee.2015.02.001

Cited by 27 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…The addition of olive pomace in the olive orchard, increased SOM, TN, P 2 O 5 , and WSA [43]. The studied vineyard is subjected to frequent tillage, decreasing WSA, and SOM [9,44]. Cropland and olive orchard management were less managed, decreasing the vulnerability of soils to disaggregation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Agriculture Management Impacts on Soil Properties and Hydrological Response in Istria (Croatia)

2020

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The objective of this work is to study the effects of traditional land uses (vineyard, cropland, and olive orchard) on soil properties, overland flow, and sediment loss in the Istria region (Croatia), by using simulated rainfall. The results showed that soil bulk density (BD) was significantly higher in cropland plots compared to the vineyard and olive orchard. No differences were observed in soil water content (SWC) and mean weight diameter (MWD). Water stable aggregates (WSA), soil organic matter (SOM), and total nitrogen (TN) were significantly higher in the olive orchard compared to the other land uses. In cropland, during the experiment, we did not identify runoff or soil losses. Runoff (Run) and sediment loss (SL) were significantly higher in the olive orchard compared to the other plots. This was very likely a consequence of tillage practices in vertic soils, the use of herbicides, low vegetation cover, as well as the incorporation of hydrophobic organic matter in the soil matrix. The principal component analysis results showed that factor 1 explained the majority of the runoff and erosion variables. Erosion rates and nutrient losses were substantially different between olive orchard plots, and vineyard and cropland. Factor 2 showed that WSA was inversely related to the available phosphorus, water holding capacity, and sediment concentration. Management practices in the studied area should use minimum tilling frequency to have plant cover and avoid erosion.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Agriculture Management Impacts on Soil Properties and Hydrological Response in Istria (Croatia)

2020

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“…Zádorová et al [94] described this process as a retrograde soil development typical for the most vulnerable loess regions with dissected relief. Moreover, the combination of preferential (interill erosion) and non-preferential (rill and tillage erosion) removal of soil material influences the resulting variability of SOC distribution in topsoil [95][96][97]. In case of texture, the classification potential of at least one textural class was proven at all the study sites.…”

Section: Assessment Of Soil Properties For Erosion Classes Distinguismentioning

confidence: 92%

Assessment of Soil Degradation by Erosion Based on Analysis of Soil Properties Using Aerial Hyperspectral Images and Ancillary Data, Czech Republic

2017

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Abstract:The assessment of the soil redistribution and real long-term soil degradation due to erosion on agriculture land is still insufficient in spite of being essential for soil conservation policy. Imaging spectroscopy has been recognized as a suitable tool for soil erosion assessment in recent years. In our study, we bring an approach for assessment of soil degradation by erosion by means of determining soil erosion classes representing soils differently influenced by erosion impact. The adopted methods include extensive field sampling, laboratory analysis, predictive modelling of selected soil surface properties using aerial hyperspectral data and the digital elevation model and fuzzy classification. Different multivariate regression techniques (Partial Least Square, Support Vector Machine, Random forest and Artificial neural network) were applied in the predictive modelling of soil properties. The properties with satisfying performance (R 2 > 0.5) were used as input data in erosion classes determination by fuzzy C-means classification method. The study was performed at four study sites about 1 km 2 large representing the most extensive soil units of the agricultural land in the Czech Republic (Chernozems and Luvisols on loess and Cambisols and Stagnosols on crystalline rocks). The influence of site-specific conditions on prediction of soil properties and classification of erosion classes was assessed. The prediction accuracy (R 2 ) of the best performing models predicting the soil properties varies in range 0.8-0.91 for soil organic carbon content, 0.21-0.67 for sand content, 0.4-0.92 for silt content, 0.38-0.89 for clay content, 0.73-089 for Fe ox , 0.59-0.78 for F ed and 0.82 for CaCO 3 . The performance and suitability of different properties for erosion classes' classification are highly variable at the study sites. Soil organic carbon was the most frequently used as the erosion classes' predictor, while the textural classes showed lower applicability. The presented approach was successfully applied in Chernozem and Luvisol loess regions where the erosion classes were assessed with a good overall accuracy (82% and 67%, respectively). The model performance in two Cambisol/Stagnosol regions was rather poor (51%-52%). The results showed that the presented method can be directly and with a good performance applied in pedologically and geologically homogeneous areas. The sites with heterogeneous structure of the soil cover and parent material will require more precise local-fitted models and use of further auxiliary information such as terrain or geological data. The future application of presented approach at a regional scale promises to produce valuable data on actual soil degradation by erosion usable for soil conservation policy purposes.

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“…The warming‐induced proliferation of roots in the surface soil layer (Figure ) may intensify soil C stratification, particularly under no‐till (Hou, Ouyang, Li, Tyler, et al., ; Zhao et al., ). As a result, the stability of soil surface C may be strongly affected by mineralization under elevated temperatures (Chaplot et al., ; Hou et al., ), which threaten the soil C‐pool under the no‐till systems. However, there is little knowledge about the effects of warming‐induced wheat root distribution on soil C or N pools depending on the tillage systems, which are complex processes and are needed to estimate the agro‐ecosystem soil C stability in the face of future climate change.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of field experimental warming on wheat root distribution under conventional tillage and no‐tillage systems

Hou

Ouyang

Han

et al. 2018

Ecology and Evolution

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Despite the obvious importance of roots to agro‐ecosystem functioning, few studies have attempted to examine the effects of warming on root biomass and distribution, especially under different tillage systems. In this study, we performed a field warming experiment using infrared heaters on winter wheat, in long‐term conventional tillage and no‐tillage plots, to determine the responses of root biomass and distribution to warming. Soil monoliths were collected from three soil depths (0–10, 10–20, and 20–30 cm). Results showed that root biomass was noticeably increased under both till and no‐till tillage systems (12.1% and 12.9% in 2011, and 9.9% and 14.5% in 2013, in the two tillage systems, respectively) in the 0–30 cm depth, associated with a similar increase in shoot biomass. However, warming‐induced root biomass increases occurred in the deeper soil layers (i.e., 10–20 and 20–30 cm) in till, while the increase in no‐till was focused in the surface layer (0–10 cm). Differences in the warming‐induced increases in root biomass between till and no‐till were positively correlated with the differences in soil total nitrogen (R 2 = .863, p < .001) and soil bulk density (R 2 = .853, p < .001). Knowledge of the distribution of wheat root in response to warming should help manage nutrient application and cycling of soil C‐N pools under anticipated climate change conditions.

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Surface organic carbon enrichment to explain greater CO2 emissions from short-term no-tilled soils

Cited by 27 publications

References 65 publications

Agriculture Management Impacts on Soil Properties and Hydrological Response in Istria (Croatia)

Agriculture Management Impacts on Soil Properties and Hydrological Response in Istria (Croatia)

Assessment of Soil Degradation by Erosion Based on Analysis of Soil Properties Using Aerial Hyperspectral Images and Ancillary Data, Czech Republic

Effects of field experimental warming on wheat root distribution under conventional tillage and no‐tillage systems

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