Surface Oxidation of Ethylenechlorotrifluoroethylene (ECTFE) Membrane for the Treatment of Real Produced Water by Membrane Distillation

Abstract

Modification of ethyleneechlorotrifluoroethylene (ECTFE) membranes by simple surface oxidation was reported in the present investigation in order to induce thin hydrophilic layer on hydrophobic membrane surface for the treatment of real produced water (PW). FTIR spectra indicates the appearance of hydrophilic functional groups (–OH and –COOH) on the membrane surface due to modification, while water contact angle, zeta potential measurement, EDX, XPS analysis confirmed the presence of O functionalized hydrophilic groups on the surface. The effect of modification temperature and the time of surface oxidation on the performance of the resulting membranes were studied systematically, which revealed that induction of optimized hydrophilicity can successfully reduce the organic fouling. However, too much hydrophilic surface induces polar/electrostatic interaction resulting salt deposition on membrane surface. A simple on site cleaning procedure was demonstrated to be successful for the treatment PW for at least three consecutive cycles of membrane distillation (MD).

Chemical Cleaning of Ultrafiltration Membrane Fouled by Humic Substances: Comparison between Hydrogen Peroxide and Sodium Hypochlorite

“…Membrane fouling results in the decline of membrane flux for constant pressure system or the increase of trans-membrane pressure (TMP) for constant flux system, which would impair system productivity and increase operating costs [5]. Although many efforts, such as pretreatment of feed water [6,7], membrane material modification [8,9], and operation optimization [10,11], have been made to mitigate membrane fouling, build-up of physically irreversible fouling during long-term operation is still inevitable [12]. Therefore, chemical cleaning has to be conducted periodically to remove foulants deposited on/with membrane and restore membrane permeability [13,14].…”

Combined Osmotic and Membrane Distillation for Concentration of Anthocyanin from Muscadine Pomace

“…Although ECTFE and PP membranes are hydrophobic, the presence of C–Cl and C–F bonds in ECTFE will lead to possible polar character compared to PP, where all the bonds are either C–C (homoatomic) or C–H (negligible difference in electronegativity of the constituent atoms). The water contact angle for ECTFE was 132°, whereas that for PP was 136° (Anari et al., ; Malmali, Fyfe, Lincicome, Sardari, & Wickramasinghe, ). This marginally lower contact angle for the ECTFE membrane may also indicate a slightly more polar character compared to the PP membrane surface.…”

“…OD and DCMD were investigated individually, as well as in a combined process. Figure 1 is schematic representation of the experimental set up (Anari, Sengupta, & Wickramasinghe, 2018;Ancillotti et al, 2017). When OD was investigated by itself, the temperature of the feed and permeate tanks were maintained at the same temperature of 22°C.…”

Designing Electric Field Responsive Ultrafiltration Membranes by Controlled Grafting of Poly (Ionic Liquid) Brush

“…The ionic liquid monomers; 1-allyl-3-vinylimidazolium bromide, 1-hexyl-3-vinylimidazolium bromide, and 1 butyl-3-vinylimidazolium chloride henceforth will be termed as VAIB, VHIB, and VBIC, respectively. RC membranes discs were washed thrice with methanol for 20 min to ensure that glycerine, which is used as a preservative in these membranes, is removed completely [35]. Then, the membranes were soaked in deionized water for 30 min to remove the methanol used before.…”