Surface phonon polaritons for infrared optoelectronics

Gubbin, Christopher R.; Liberato, Simone De; Folland, Thomas G.

doi:10.1063/5.0064234

Cited by 32 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 202 publications

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“…To demonstrate this result we calculate the Purcell factor for the thin-nonlocal film system for a few dipole-film separations. We have previously demonstrated that decreasing the thickness of a nonlocal film leads to a spectral spreading of the longitudinal mode frequencies away from the zone-centre longitudinal phonon, in conjunction with an increase in the LTP coupling strength as a result of the enhanced electromagnetic fields at the film interfaces [16]. The results are shown in Fig.…”

Section: B Nonlocal Purcell Enhancementmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…The resulting excitations are hybrid modes termed longitudinal-transverse polaritons (LTPs), have a transverse electric field from their photonic component and a longitudinal one from the phonon field. This unique property has led to LTPs being proposed as a platform for mid-infrared optoelectronics as a result of the possibility of exciting them through longitudinal electrical currents, while still outcoupling to transverse free-space radiation in the far-field [16]. A recent series of publications has studied LTPs in more general systems, demonstrating them to be a general feature of polar resonators at the nanoscale [17][18][19] and a similar phenomenology has also recently been observed in a Yukawa fluid [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…It is important to make clear that in these quantisation relations the frequencies are those of the hybrid LTP, determined by application of the full boundary conditions, not the individual longitudinal or transverse fields [16]. Finally having quantised these excitations we introduce additional polariton-like Hopfield fields describing the longitudinal (transverse) composition of the nth LTP mode L i,n (T j,n ) which satisfy the normalisation…”

Section: Ltp Quantisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…L k − i ∞ 1 + e −αd C k T k = −i 1 + e −αd C k T k . (D3)Dividing through and defining ξ = iξ we find the standard dispersion for symmetric modes in a trilayer nonlocal waveguide[16] which is the form given in the main body. This equation uniquely determines the relationship between the modes frequency and wavevector.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Polaritonic quantisation in nonlocal polar material

Gubbin,

De Liberato

2022

Preprint

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In the Reststrahlen region, between the transverse and longitudinal phonon frequencies, polar dielectric materials respond metallically to light and the resulting strong light-matter interactions can lead to the formation of hybrid quasiparticles termed surface phonon polaritons. Recent works have demonstrated that when an optical system contains nanoscale polar elements these excitations can acquire a longitudinal field component as a result of the material dispersion of the lattice, leading to the formation of secondary quasiparticles termed longitudinal-transverse polaritons. In this work we build on previous macroscopic electromagnetic theories developing a full second-quantised theory of longitudinal-transverse polaritons. Beginning from the Hamiltonian of the light-matter system we treat distortion to the lattice introducing an elastic free energy. We then diagonalise the Hamiltonian, demonstrating the equations of motion for the polariton are equivalent to the those of macroscopic electromagnetism and quantise the nonlocal operators. Finally we demonstrate how to reconstruct the electromagnetic fields in terms of the polariton states and explore polariton induced enhancements of the Purcell factor. These results demonstrate how nonlocality can narrow, enhance and spectrally tune near field emission with applications in mid-infrared sensing.

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Section: B Nonlocal Purcell Enhancementmentioning

confidence: 79%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Ltp Quantisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Polaritonic quantisation in nonlocal polar material

Gubbin,

De Liberato

2022

Preprint

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“…4d). The available Q-factors are in the range of [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25]) and ) respectively, which surpass that of graphene plasmon resonance in the THz regime 45 .…”

Section: Far-field Excitation Of Tunable Thz Hphps Using Periodic Tun...mentioning

confidence: 99%

In-plane hyperbolic polariton tuners in terahertz and long-wave infrared regimes

Huang

Folland

Sun

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Development of terahertz (THz) and long-wave infrared (LWIR) technologies is mainly bottlenecked by the limited intrinsic response of traditional materials. Hyperbolic phonon polaritons (HPhPs) of van der Waals semiconductors couple strongly with THz and LWIR radiation. However, the mismatch of photon−polariton momentum makes far-field excitation of HPhPs challenging. Here, we propose an In-Plane Hyperbolic Polariton Tuner and demonstrate a first device responding to direct far-field excitation and giving rise to a unique set of characteristic functions at far-field. Such a device is based on patterned surface directly written on van der Waals semiconductors; here α-MoO3. The resonances are found to strongly rely on in-plane hyperbolic polariton of patterned α-MoO3, exhibiting high quality factors up to 300, and to determine the characteristics of resultant tunable polarization and selection of the wavelength of reflection and transmission and regulation of output intensity. This is important to development of THz and LWIR miniaturized devices.

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Spectroscopic and Interferometric Sum‐Frequency Imaging of Strongly Coupled Phonon Polaritons in SiC Metasurfaces

Niemann,

Mueller,

Wasserroth

et al. 2024

Advanced Materials

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Phonon polaritons enable waveguiding and localization of infrared light with extreme confinement and low losses. The spatial propagation and spectral resonances of such polaritons are usually probed with complementary techniques such as near‐field optical microscopy and far‐field reflection spectroscopy. Here, infrared‐visible sum‐frequency spectro‐microscopy is introduced as a tool for spectroscopic imaging of phonon polaritons. The technique simultaneously provides sub‐wavelength spatial resolution and highly‐resolved spectral resonance information. This is implemented by resonantly exciting polaritons using a tunable infrared laser and wide‐field microscopic detection of the upconverted light. The technique is employed to image hybridization and strong coupling of localized and propagating surface phonon polaritons in a metasurface of SiC micropillars. Spectro‐microscopy allows to measure the polariton dispersion simultaneously in momentum space by angle‐dependent resonance imaging, and in real space by polariton interferometry. Notably, it is possible to directly image how strong coupling affects the spatial localization of polaritons, inaccessible with conventional spectroscopic techniques. The formation of edge states is observed at excitation frequencies where strong coupling prevents polariton propagation into the metasurface. The technique is applicable to the wide range of polaritonic materials with broken inversion symmetry and can be used as a fast and non‐perturbative tool to image polariton hybridization and propagation.

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Surface phonon polaritons for infrared optoelectronics

Cited by 32 publications

References 202 publications

Polaritonic quantisation in nonlocal polar material

Polaritonic quantisation in nonlocal polar material

In-plane hyperbolic polariton tuners in terahertz and long-wave infrared regimes

Spectroscopic and Interferometric Sum‐Frequency Imaging of Strongly Coupled Phonon Polaritons in SiC Metasurfaces

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