Surface photografting polymerization of trimethylolpropane triacrylate onto LDPE substrate in tetrahydrofuran/water mixtures

Wang, Lifu; Yu, Yibing; Liu, Lianying; Yang, Wantai

doi:10.1002/app.26610

Cited by 11 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Moreover, compared to conventional photoactive groups used for photografting molecules to solid supports, such as diazo and diazopyruvate derivatives, azides and phenyl azides, tetrazoles, and benzophenone, diazirine has several advantages. [13][14][15][16][17][18] Diazirine is more easily and more efficiently activated by UV radiation of wavelength 330-370 nm, which preserves the native structure and activity of immobilized proteins (Scheme 1). In contrast to azides, diazirine is also essentially nontoxic and has better photostability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biofunctionalization of Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes by Irradiation of Electropolymerized Poly(pyrrole–diazirine) Films

Papper

Gorgy

Elouarzaki

et al. 2013

Chemistry A European J

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A photoactivatable poly(pyrrole-diazirine) film was synthesized and electropolymerized as a versatile tool for covalent binding of laccase and glucose oxidase on multiwalled carbon nanotube coatings and Pt, respectively. Irradiation of the functionalized nanotubes allowed photochemical grafting of laccase and its subsequent direct electrical wiring, as illustrated by the electrocatalytic reduction of oxygen. Moreover, covalent binding of glucose oxidase as model enzyme, achieved by UV activation of electropolymerized pyrrole-diazirine, allowed a glucose biosensor to be realized. This original method to graft biomolecules combines electrochemical and photochemical techniques. The simplicity of this new method allows it to be extended easily to other biological systems.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biofunctionalization of Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes by Irradiation of Electropolymerized Poly(pyrrole–diazirine) Films

Papper

Gorgy

Elouarzaki

et al. 2013

Chemistry A European J

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“…BP and its derivatives are the most commonly used photoinitiators for photografting 4–7. However, they are usually water insoluble unless their chemical structures are modified with hydrophilic groups.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It was found that the component of the organic solvents in the mixed solvent remarkably influenced both the grafting behaviors and the location of the grafted chains in the PE film substrate. Yang et al investigated the surface photografting of a multifunctional monomer onto LDPE, which was conducted with benzophenone (BP) as the photoinitiator in mixed solvents containing THF and water 7…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…BP and its derivatives are the most commonly used photoinitiators for photografting. [4][5][6][7] However, they are usually water insoluble unless their chemical structures are modified with hydrophilic groups. The water insoluble nature of BP and its derivatives strongly impedes the industrial applications of the photografting method, since the photografting reactions have to be carried out in organic solvents which increase cost and produce environmental problems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Yang et al investigated the surface photografting of a multifunctional monomer onto LDPE, which was conducted with benzophenone (BP) as the photoinitiator in mixed solvents containing THF and water. 7 The previous work on the effect of mixed solvents on photografting usually discussed the effect from the point of view of how solvent affects the polymerization reaction rather than from the photoinitiation process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Surface photografting initiated by benzophenone in water and mixed solvents containing water and ethanol

Zheng

et al. 2011

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Photografting reactions are usually carried out in organic solvents due to the water insoluble nature of photoinitiators such as benzophenone (BP). This work reports the effect of water and mixed solvents containing water and ethanol on the surface photografting of methacrylic acid (MAA) onto polyethylene initiated by BP. The percent grafting increased with the increase of water volume ratio in the mixed solvent, and BP showed the highest photoinitiation efficiency when dissolved in pure water solvent. Effects of BP concentration, monomer concentration, and monomer type on photografting were studied. The percent grafting showed the maximum at a lower BP concentration (0.20 mol/mol %) in pure water solvent than that (0.60 mol/mol %) in the mixed solvent with 90 v/v % water. The percent grafting first increased with the increase of monomer concentration till 3 mol L À1 and then decreased. Acrylic acid (AA) could also be photografted onto polyethylene by BP in the mixed solvents. UV-visible spectroscopic examinations revealed that the k max of p-p* transitions of BP red shifted as the increase of the water volume ratio, i.e., the polarity of the solvent. The excitation of BP in solvents with a higher polarity under UV irradiation requires less energy, so the photografting initiated by BP is easier to occur.

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Thin‐Film Composite Polyionic Liquid Gel Membranes and Their Potential for Nanofiltration in Organic Solvents

Alkharabsheh

Bernstein

2018

Adv Materials Inter

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processes, [13][14][15][16] membrane modification, [17] and fabricating nanocomposite and mixed matrix membranes. [1,[18][19][20][21][22][23] Lately, research on SRNF membranes has focused on fabricating membranes from completely new materials such as graphene and other carbon materials, [24][25][26] metal hydroxides, [27] and metal-organic framework membranes, [28,29] or from new polymers. [30][31][32][33][34] One very promising group of materials for SRNF TFC membranes is polyelectrolyte (PE). PE-based SRNF membranes fabricated by layer-by-layer deposition or coating techniques [35][36][37] showed promising high selectivities, however, their permeabilities were low. [38] The low solubility of PEs in organic solvents due to charge condensation as well as thick active layers were probably the two main reasons for the low permeabilities. [39] Reducing the active layer thickness by decreasing the number of layers improved the permeability, but also reduced the selectivity. [38] Other approaches to increasing the permeability of PE-based membranes included incorporating graphene oxide nanosheets into the PE, [40] fabricating an ionically crosslinked asymmetric PE membrane, [41] using a weak PE [42] and a branched PE. [38] A promising new type of PE for fabricating SRNF TFC membranes which is yet to be explored is polymeric ionic liquids (PILs). PILs are solid, strong PEs that carry an ionic liquid species (cationic or anionic) constrained to the repeating units in the PE chain. [43] Unlike traditional PEs, in organic solvents PILs can swell and their counterion is delocalized, depending on the polymer and counterion types, mainly due to the hydrophobic character of the counterion and the reduced Coulombic interactions. [43,44] The swelling of the active layer in solvents is an important parameter that influences the membrane performance, that is, permeance and selectivity. [35] Low membrane permeance can be attributed to low swelling of the active layer, [45,46] but high swelling results in low selectivity or low membrane stability, [38,47,48] hence, the swelling degree of PILbased membranes must be restricted. This can be achieved by the addition of a cross-linker monomer (i.e., PIL gel) and by the choice of the PIL monomer and counterion. [49,50] Membrane permeance is also proportional to the active layer thickness: high permeability requires a thin active layer. [14,38] The selectivity of crosslinked PE-based nanofiltration membranes is proportional to the surface charge and the membrane molecular weight cutoff, namely, the cross-linker density. [35,38] The Polymeric ionic liquid (PIL) gels can serve as a promising material for the fabrication of solvent resistance nanofiltration (SRNF) membranes, given the solubility and the high delocalization of the counterion of PILs in organic solvents. This research describes the fabrication of a new thin-film composite membrane (TFC) with a crosslinked PIL (i.e., PIL gel) as an active layer and demonstrates its great potential as an SRNF membrane. A hydrophobic and positiv...

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Surface photografting polymerization of trimethylolpropane triacrylate onto LDPE substrate in tetrahydrofuran/water mixtures

Cited by 11 publications

References 31 publications

Biofunctionalization of Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes by Irradiation of Electropolymerized Poly(pyrrole–diazirine) Films

Biofunctionalization of Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes by Irradiation of Electropolymerized Poly(pyrrole–diazirine) Films

Surface photografting initiated by benzophenone in water and mixed solvents containing water and ethanol

Thin‐Film Composite Polyionic Liquid Gel Membranes and Their Potential for Nanofiltration in Organic Solvents

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