In this paper, we introduce a method called waveguide
coupling
surface plasmon-coupled directional emission Raman (WCSPCR), which
utilizes a bimetallic waveguide-coupled surface plasmon resonance
structure (WCSPR) to enhance the directional emission Raman spectrum
by utilizing excited surface plasmons in the evanescent field. We
further enhance Raman scattering by utilizing localized and propagating
surface plasmons. The further enhanced Raman scattering was directionally
emitted due to the resonance effect of the propagating surface plasmons
in the WCSPR structure. We obtained angle-dependent directional emission
Raman scattering spectra using an in-house angle-dependent SPR-SERS
microspectrometer. Compared to a traditional SPR structure, the WCSPR
structure showed a superior electromagnetic field and a narrower emission
angle. This led to an eight-fold increase in the directional emission
Raman signal and a narrower full width at half-maximum of the directional
emission angle under the WCSPR configuration. This could further improve
the directional emission of Raman signals and enhance the collection
efficiency of Raman signals. To further enhance the directional emission
Raman signal, we incorporated silver nanoparticles (AgNps) into the
WCSPR configuration, creating a WCSPR/4-Mpy/AgNps sandwich structure.
Under this configuration, localized and propagating surface plasmons
are effectively coupled, resulting in a significant enhancement of
the directional emission Raman signal for 4-mercaptopyridine. The
combination of local and propagating surface plasmons further amplified
the AgNp-assisted SERS signal in the WCSPR/4-Mpy/AgNps sandwich structure,
the amplified SERS signal was directionally emitted due to the interaction
with the propagating surface plasmons, yielding a signal strength
30 times that of the traditional SPR structure. These findings are
consistent with electric field simulations. The WCSPCR method shows
promise in enhancing SERS signals, simplifying SERS instruments, and
may have applications in biochemical testing.