Surface plasmons induce topological transition in graphene/α-MoO3 heterostructures

Ruta, Francesco L.; Kim, Brian S. Y.; Sun, Zhiyuan; Rizzo, Daniel J.; McLeod, Alexander; Rajendran, Anjaly; Liu, Song; Millis, Andrew J.; Hone, James; Basov, D. N.

doi:10.1038/s41467-022-31477-z

Cited by 45 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…(1) Among the four polaritons, experimental research on hyperbolic phonon polaritons (especially those appearing in hBN and α-MoO 3 ) 36,67,70,74,75,[77][78][79][140][141][142][143][144][145][146][147][148][149] is much more than on the other three polaritons. This could be due to the fact that hyperbolic phonon polaritons are the earliest discovered, and hBN and α-MoO 3 are relatively easier to achieve than the other 2D natural HMs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two-dimensional natural hyperbolic materials: from polaritons modulation to applications

et al. 2022

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two-dimensional natural hyperbolic materials: from polaritons modulation to applications

et al. 2022

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“…Such hyperbolic PhPs intrinsically possess ultra-long lifetimes (narrow scattering width) and high figures of merit compared to plasmon polaritons, due to the damping only from the scattering of optical phonons [40] . On the other band, the hyperbolic characteristic is intrinsically fixed because of the stubborn phonon frequency, though it has been successfully tuned extrinsically by twisted stacking [221–227] and substrate engineering [228,229] .…”

Section: Polaritons Of Anisotropic 2d Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Kotov et al developed a generalized 4×4 T-matrix formalism for arbitrary anisotropic 2D layers. Based on this formalism and the effective conductivity approach, they also studied the twisted bilayer system [226] . Ultrathin uniaxial metasurfaces were used to build twisted plasmonic bilayers, in which the plasmonic topology is highly sensitive to the twist angle.…”

Section: Polaritons Of Anisotropic 2d Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ruta et al fabricated such heterostructures as shown in the left panel of Fig. 17(a) and observed the change in topology of polaritons from open hyperbolic to closed elliptic after placing graphene on α-MoO3 [226] . They further realized the chemical potential tuning of graphene to investigate the effect on hybrid polaritons.…”

Section: Polaritons Of Anisotropic 2d Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[(a) (right)-c] Line profiles of hybrid polaritons along [100] and [001] directions at different doping levels of graphene at 900 cm−1. [(a) (right)-d] Line profiles of hybrid polaritons along [100] and [001] directions at different frequencies [226] . (b) (left) Schematic of α-MoO3false/graphene heterostructure on the SiO2 substrate.…”

Section: Polaritons Of Anisotropic 2d Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optical properties and polaritons of low symmetry 2D materials

et al. 2023

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Low symmetry 2D materials with intrinsic in-plane anisotropic optical properties and high tunability provide a promising platform to explore and manipulate light-matter interactions. To date, dozens of in-plane anisotropic 2D materials with diverse band structures have been discovered. They exhibit rich optical properties, indicating great potential for novel applications in optics, photonics, and optoelectronics. In this paper, we thoroughly review the anisotropic optical properties and polaritons in many kinds of low symmetry 2D materials, aiming to elicit more research interest in this field. First, the optical properties of anisotropic 2D semiconductors, including interband absorption, photoluminescence, excitons, and band structure engineering for tuning optical responses, are introduced. Then fundamentals and advances in experiments of hyperbolic polaritons in anisotropic 2D materials, including phonon, plasmon, and exciton polaritons, are discussed. Finally, a perspective on promising research directions is given.

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Polaritons in Van der Waals Heterostructures

et al. 2023

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Tunable nanophotonic systems that can be integrated with silicon and manipulate light at deep-subwavelength scales is of paramount importance for photonic integrated circuits, [1] enhanced light-matter interaction, [2] sub-diffraction imaging, [3] metamaterials, [4] and negative refraction [5] among other feats. In particular, polaritons in 2D materials exhibit the highest degree of mode confinement. [6] A variety of highly confined polaritons with unique properties [6,7] have been demonstrated in 2D materials, for example, electrically tunable plasmons in graphene, [7a,8] ultralow-loss phonon polaritons in hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) [9] and α-MoO 3 , [7c,7d] room-temperature exciton polaritons in MoSe 2 , [10] WSe 2 [11] and CsPbBr 3 microsheets, [12] and Cooper-pair polaritons. [13] These surface modes have prompted the exploration of multiple potential applications, such as surface-enhanced infrared spectroscopy, [8a,14] optical sensors, [15] nanolasers, [16] light modulators, [17] and nanophotonic circuits. [18] However, in most practical applications, important challenges, such as relatively large optical losses, reduced operation frequency range, and slow modulation speed, are remaining.The hybrid light-matter nature of polaritons (i.e., quasiparticles made up of a photons coupled to polarization charges in a material) can be passively tuned by designing the composition and geometry of the hosting materials, [9,19] offering important advantages for nanophotonic systems. [6a,20] Recently, van der Waals heterostructures (vdWHs), which can be fabricated by exfoliating 2D materials down to isolated monolayers and subsequently reassembling them in a layer by layer fashion in precisely chosen compositions, stacking sequence, and twist angles, provide a versatile way to customize polaritons. [21] For example, an ultralong lifetime graphene plasmon in graphene/h-BN vdWHs, [7a,22] an efficient all-optical modulation of graphene plasmons in the graphene/ monolayer MoS 2 vdWHs, [23] a strong plasmonic nonlinear response in graphene/metal heterostructures [24] have been demonstrated. Moreover, the behavior of polaritons can also be modulated by creating moiré patterns in the vdWHs, such that one can obtain, for example, an extremely long plasmon lifetime (≈3 ps) in stacked bilayer graphene, [25] photonic crystals of twisted bilayer graphene (TBLG), [26] and tunable topological transitions of phonon polaritons in twisted α-MoO 3 bilayers. [27] 2D monolayers supporting a wide variety of highly confined plasmons, phonon polaritons, and exciton polaritons can be vertically stacked in van der Waals heterostructures (vdWHs) with controlled constituent layers, stacking sequence, and even twist angles. vdWHs combine advantages of 2D material polaritons, rich optical structure design, and atomic scale integration, which have greatly extended the performance and functions of polaritons, such as wide frequency range, long lifetime, ultrafast all-optical modulation, and photonic crystals for nanoscale light. Here, th...

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Surface plasmons induce topological transition in graphene/α-MoO3 heterostructures

Cited by 45 publications

References 39 publications

Two-dimensional natural hyperbolic materials: from polaritons modulation to applications

Two-dimensional natural hyperbolic materials: from polaritons modulation to applications

Optical properties and polaritons of low symmetry 2D materials

Polaritons in Van der Waals Heterostructures

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