Surface processes and interactions with forest vegetation on a steep mudstone slope, Stołowe Mountains, SW Poland

Pawlik, Łukasz; Migoń, Piotr; Owczarek, Piotr; Kacprzak, Andrzej

doi:10.1016/j.catena.2013.03.011

Cited by 65 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Following Grissino-Mayer (2001), a low level of correlation may suggest that the growth patterns of sampled trees were highly differentiated within their lifetimes. Within the study site, the evidence of low site homogeneity due to high variability of growth disturbance, both in space and time, was found by Pawlik et al (2013). However, four out of five old beech trees growing on the western spur of Mt Rogowa Kopa, considered as the reference site, showed a high inter-correlation, reaching the level of 0.49 (p<0.05).…”

Section: Soil Chemical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…imposed by the Kyrill storm in 2007, did not affect the site. However, occasional uprooting does take place and 15 uprooted trees at different stages of decomposition, hence probably of different ages, were documented within the research site (Pawlik et al 2013). Interactions between biotic factors and physical processes have led to the gradual evolution of the pit-and-mound topography towards more a subdued form and affected pedogenesis.…”

Section: History Of Forest Disturbancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Their average surfaces are 7 and 6.5 m 2 and volumes 1.7 and 1.6 m 3 for mounds and pits, respectively. Altogether, they cover ca 5% of the research site (Pawlik et al 2013(Pawlik et al , 2016. Local soils are classified mainly as Haplic Cambisols, 50-100 cm deep, with a texture of silt loam changing into loam in deeper soil horizons (Kabała et al 2002).…”

Section: Study Area Physical Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Table) Mountains in SW Poland was selected to study the historical dimension of the pit-andmound topography, which is exceptionally well developed and preserved at the study site (Pawlik et al 2013). The study aimed to test the usefulness of an interdisciplinary approach to the problem of forest ecosystem disturbance by strong wind, i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Deciphering the history of forest disturbance and its effects on landforms and soils – lessons from a pit-and-mound locality at Rogowa Kopa, Sudetes, SW Poland

Pawlik

Musielok

Migoń³

et al. 2017

Bulletin of Geography. Physical Geography Series

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Abstract. The historical dimension of pit-and-mound topography has been studied at the Mt Rogowa Kopa locality, Stołowe Mountains, SW Poland. This site represents one of the best developed regional examples of hummocky forest floor relief due to widespread tree uprooting and subsequent degradation of root plates. Through map analysis and dendrochronology the disturbance history was traced to at least the 1930s and, most likely, a strong wind episode from 1933 was the reason for the forest calamity that resulted in the nearly total destruction of the original stand. However, the affected forest was a planted Norway spruce monoculture, introduced and managed until at least the beginning of the 20 th century, and not a natural forest. The windthrow niche was then used by beech, whose individuals preferentially chose mounds to grow, conserving the hummocky microtopography. Changes in soil evolutionary pathways brought about by wind-driven disturbance include both haploidisation (rejuvenation) and horizonation (differentiation). Evidence of soil rejuvenation includes a decrease in organic carbon content and an increase in pH in the upper parts of soils developed on mounds relative to the pH of undisturbed references soils. Soil texture was relatively homogenised in pits and mounds. Dating of the pit-and-mound microrelief by means of soil properties (organic carbon content, iron forms) was only partly successful. Although the young age of pits and mounds is evident, the actual age inferred from soil properties was underestimated by a few tens of years. Evaluation of factors potentially controlling the propensity to widespread treethrow suggests that the type of forest is a far more important variable than local abiotic factors of bedrock geology, regolith characteristics, and slope inclination.

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Section: Soil Chemical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: History Of Forest Disturbancementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Study Area Physical Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Deciphering the history of forest disturbance and its effects on landforms and soils – lessons from a pit-and-mound locality at Rogowa Kopa, Sudetes, SW Poland

Pawlik

Musielok

Migoń³

et al. 2017

Bulletin of Geography. Physical Geography Series

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“…In the direction trees → soil environment, a surprisingly strong and spatially non-random impact of selected biomechanical and biochemical effects of trees on soil morphology and chemistry has been observed (e.g. Phillips and Marion, 2006;Šamonil et al, 2008a, b, 2010a; biogenous creep could even have at least the same importance as inorganic creep in the soil and regolith flux on slopes (see Caine, 1986;Pawlik et al, 2013). shows the border between the (probably) historically anthropogenically affected (32 ha) and unaffected (42 ha) zones; the grey solid lines represent contour lines; the black solid lines represent streams; grey areas show places significantly affected by water (semihydromorphic and hydromorphic soils).…”

Section: P šAmonil Et Al: Disturbances Can Control Fine-scale Pedodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disturbances can control fine-scale pedodiversity in old-growth forests: is the soil evolution theory disturbed as well?

et al. 2014

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Abstract. Biota–soil interactions in natural ecosystems are the subject of considerable research. Our hypothesis is that individual trees play a significant role through biomechanical and biochemical disturbances affecting soil formation in temperate forests, resulting in a complex spatial pattern of disturbance regimes and a close relationship between disturbance histories and soil units. In Žofínský Prales (Czech Republic) – the fourth oldest, continuously protected reserve in Europe and the first site of global research network SIGEO (Smithsonian Institution Global Earth Observatories) in continental Europe – we compared extensive dendrochronological, soil and pit–mound microtopography data both temporally and spatially from an area of anthropogenically unaffected 42 ha collected from 2008–2012. These data sets differ in terms of information complexity and length of memory: tree cores contain complex information about the disturbance history of the past 350 years, footprints of disturbances from the uprooting of a specific tree can persist 1700 years, and soils represent an extensive composite phenotype that has been developing for at least the entire postglacial period (10 500 years). On average, 6.18–13.41% of the canopy on individual soil units was disturbed per decade. Even though the "backbone" of key events in the development of the forest ecosystem remained the same (e.g. the 1870s, 1880s and 1980s), the internal structure of disturbance history often differed among soil units; the most exceptional were Gleysols and Histosols, where important feedback from soil to trees was expected. However, the characteristics of treethrow dynamics as well as the frequencies of stronger releases in core series also significantly differed along a gradient of terrestrial soil weathering and leaching (Haplic Cambisols – Dystric Cambisols – Entic Podzols – Albic Podzols). These results suggest the existence of several disturbance regimes within the forest, controlling fine-scale pedodiversity.

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Local‐ and regional‐scale biomorphodynamics due to tree uprooting in semi‐natural and managed montane forests of the Sudetes Mountains, Central Europe

Pawlik

Migoń

Szymanowski

2016

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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In this work, direct and indirect geomorphic consequences of wind-related tree uprooting are examined, using an extensive dataset from the mountain range of the Sudetes, Poland. The role of local conditions in influencing the geomorphic efficacy of tree uprooting is examined, as well as issues of upscaling individual observations from experimental sites. This problem is approached at a range of spatial and observational scales, from monitoring of root plate degradation over time through to examination of wind effects at a slope scale and region-wide analysis. In our study area the mean root plate volume is between 0.4 and 4.2 m 3 for spruce and 2.4 m 3 for beech, and their degradation may last tens of years. The density of relict pit-and-mound microtopography varies from 2.7 up to 40 pairs per hectare and the maximum coverage of terrain is 4.7%. The volume of treethrow mounds varies from 0.5 to 3.1 m 3 and mounds seem to outlive the pits formed in the same episode of disturbance. However, in specific lithological and topographic conditions, pit-and-mound topography does not form. The maximum biogenic transport attributable to a single windstorm event is c. 80 m 3 ha À1 , while soil turnover times are calculated in the order of 1000-10 000 years. Rock fragment 'mining' is an important biogeomorphic process, both in terms of impact on hillslope surfaces and on soil properties. Gravel armours and small-scale stepped topography may form instead of typical pit-mound associations in specific circumstances. Managed forests appear more prone to wind damage and associated geomorphic consequences. In the Sudetes Mountains, the variable role of tree uprooting in local and regional hillslope denudation is governed by forest stand structure, topography and regolith properties, with the former significantly influenced by human activity.

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Surface processes and interactions with forest vegetation on a steep mudstone slope, Stołowe Mountains, SW Poland

Cited by 65 publications

References 29 publications

Deciphering the history of forest disturbance and its effects on landforms and soils – lessons from a pit-and-mound locality at Rogowa Kopa, Sudetes, SW Poland

Deciphering the history of forest disturbance and its effects on landforms and soils – lessons from a pit-and-mound locality at Rogowa Kopa, Sudetes, SW Poland

Disturbances can control fine-scale pedodiversity in old-growth forests: is the soil evolution theory disturbed as well?

Local‐ and regional‐scale biomorphodynamics due to tree uprooting in semi‐natural and managed montane forests of the Sudetes Mountains, Central Europe

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