The use of extracorporeal devices is growing rapidly
for the treatment
of the fatal cardiovascular and kidney failures. Even though there
has been much clinical progress in the past few decades to reduce
fatality, these improvements are insufficiently supported by the development
in medical devices. Particularly, it is imperative that the blood-contacting
medical devices have nonprotein-fouling materials that can efficiently
prevent blood coagulation. Herein, perfluoromethyl methacrylates (PFMMAs)
with short perfluorinated side groups (−CF3, −CF2CF3, and −(CF2)2CF3) are strategically grafted into poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-chlorotrifluoroethylene) (PVDF-CTFE) to reduce protein
adhesion. On the basis of the type of the perfluorinated side group,
the surface energies of the graft copolymers are controlled in the
range of 11.1–18.7 mN m–1. The graft copolymer
with the lowest surface energy showed the lowest protein adsorption
for both albumin and fibrinogen, as compared with the other graft
copolymers and PMMA. Interestingly, albumin pretreatment of the surface
remarkably reduces the amount of adsorbed fibrinogen from 2069 ng
cm–2 (without albumin pretreatment) to 5.6 ng cm–2. This indicates that the graft copolymer is practically
useful for various blood-contacting devices because fibrinogen is
the key glycoprotein that induces blood coagulation.