Surface rearrangement of tailored polyurethane-based coatings

Detection of nisin and fibrinogen adsorption on poly(ethylene oxide) coated polyurethane surfaces by time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS)

“…This is especially true of polyurethanes, for which the amount of rearrangement is strongly dependent on the hard/soft block composition of the polymer [36, 37, 38]. We attempted to minimize inter-sample variation by incubation in buffer or aqueous triblock solution for several hours to allow the surface to relax, after which the adsorbed brush was stabilized by exposure to gamma radiation.…”

New insights into the nature of the wool fibre surface

“…This model, however, does not explain the surprising stability of the thioester linkage (Bizzozero, 1995) or the surface properties of wool in an aqueous environment that indicates a solid with an ionisable surface (Evans et al, 2002). The earlier model thus represents only one aspect of the surface that would appear to be dynamic and capable of altering its structure in response to different environments (Breakspear et al, 2005;Evans et al, 2002;Maxwell and Huson, 2005), in the same manner as functionalized synthetic polymer surfaces (Gagnon and McCarthy, 1984;Ruckenstein and Gourisankar, 1986;Wouters et al, 2005;Yasuda et al, 1991Yasuda et al, , 1992Yasuda et al, , 1996.…”

“…Debate continues as to the exact nature of the surface and whether there is a monolayer of fatty acids or whether they are more integrally associated with the surface (Breakspear et al, 2005;Evans et al, 2002;Maxwell and Huson, 2005). In addition, there has recently been recognition that the surface is dynamic and can rearrange depending on the environment (Evans et al, 2002;Maxwell and Huson, 2005); a concept that is well established for synthetic polymer surfaces (Gagnon and McCarthy, 1984;Ruckenstein and Gourisankar, 1986;Wouters et al, 2005;Yasuda et al, 1991Yasuda et al, , 1992Yasuda et al, , 1996. Wool fibres and fabric samples were treated with 0.1 M alcoholic KOH for various intervals in order to remove the lipids and provide a series of samples with decreasing levels of bound surface lipid.…”

Evaluating fouling‐resistance and fouling‐release performance of smart polyurethane surfaces: An outlook for efficient and environmentally benign marine coatings

“…The literature3, 4, 7, 17, 32–37 reveals that many of the fouling organisms primarily use protein‐based adhesives to attach themselves to the contacting surfaces. Previous studies and experimental data revealed in the earlier literature have claimed that hydrophilic surfaces, such as poly(ethylene oxide) and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG; commonly used in drug delivery, biomedical, and pharmaceutical applications), because of their low protein adsorption, good stability, and low toxicity, are more resistant to the adhesion (attachment) of marine organisms 3, 8, 17, 21, 26, 27, 35–39. Hydrophobic surfaces, for example, silicone‐ and fluorine‐based elastomers, are commonly used as marine fouling‐release coatings because of their low surface energy and interesting mechanical properties 3, 13, 15–17, 26, 31, 35–37, 39–41.…”

“…Previous studies and experimental data revealed in the earlier literature have claimed that hydrophilic surfaces, such as poly(ethylene oxide) and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG; commonly used in drug delivery, biomedical, and pharmaceutical applications), because of their low protein adsorption, good stability, and low toxicity, are more resistant to the adhesion (attachment) of marine organisms 3, 8, 17, 21, 26, 27, 35–39. Hydrophobic surfaces, for example, silicone‐ and fluorine‐based elastomers, are commonly used as marine fouling‐release coatings because of their low surface energy and interesting mechanical properties 3, 13, 15–17, 26, 31, 35–37, 39–41. Commercial fouling‐release coatings based on silicone elastomers “release” accumulated biofouling either through the action of hydrodynamic forces generated as a vessel moves through water or through direct cleaning by hand or with robots and have been researched widely 3, 8, 22, 40, 41.…”