Surface saturation of steel with boron by laser radiation

Lakhtin, Yu. M.; Kogan, Ya. D.; Buryakin, A. V.

doi:10.1007/bf00699489

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…The addition of boron in the quantity of 0.02% (at.) facilitates the refinement of iron grain and gives the possibility to use thermal treatment (quenching) for increasing its properties [22,25]. The results in support of the given thesis were obtained by us when analysing α-phase being formed in eutectic.…”

Section: Phase Constitution Of the Defect Substructure In Surfaced Layersupporting

confidence: 67%

“…The solid solution of boron in bcc lattice of iron has a microhardness of 3700 MPa, modified structure α -Fe + Fe 3 B has 6300 MPa, eutectic structures of dendrite in commercially pure iron have 6000–16,000 MPa and 40Cr steel 10,000–16,000 MPa. The boride structures in 40Cr steel have the following microhardness: Fe 2 B: 16,800 MPa, Fe 2 B + FeB: 16,800–18,900 MPa and FeB: 18,900–21,000 MPa [24,25]. Therefore, the high strength properties of the layer surfaced on Hardox 450 steel with wire No.2 may be caused by the formation of eutectic on the basis of iron boride Fe 2 B. SEM study of the surfaced layer reveals the formation of lamellar-type eutectic.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Structure and properties of strengthening layer on Hardox 450 steel

Ivanov

Gromov

Konovalov

et al. 2017

Materials Science and Technology

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The microstructure and microhardness distribution in the surface of low-carbon Hardox 450 steel coated with alloyed powder wires of different chemical compositions are studied. It is shown that the microhardness of 6–8 mm-thick surfaced layer exceeds that of base metal by more than two times. The increased mechanical properties of surfaced layer are caused by the submicro and nanoscale dispersed martensite, containing the niobium carbides Nb2C, NbC and iron borides Fe2B. In the bulk plates, a dislocation substructure of the net-like type with scalar dislocation density of 1011 cm−2 is observed. The layer surfaced with the wire containing B possesses highest hardness. The possible mechanisms and temperature regimes of niobium and boron carbides in surfacing are discussed.

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Section: Phase Constitution Of the Defect Substructure In Surfaced Layersupporting

confidence: 67%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure and properties of strengthening layer on Hardox 450 steel

Ivanov

Gromov

Konovalov

et al. 2017

Materials Science and Technology

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“…Processes of laser alloying after which the heat treatment of the parts is unnecessary present a special interest. Laser boronizing is one such process.The use of pulse and continuous-wave low-power lasers for boronizing the surface of iron-carbon alloys can provide molten alloyed layers that contain boride phases 0.15-0.2 mm thick and up to 2 mm wide [1,2]. It has been shown in [3] that after boronizing iron and steels with the help of a continuous CO 2 laser with a power of up to 3 kW the thickness of the boronized layers increases to 0.4 mm and the width increases to 6 mm.…”

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confidence: 99%

Special features of boronizing iron and steel using a continuous-wave CO2 laser

Safonov

1998

Met Sci Heat Treat

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In some cases saturation of a surface by alloying elements with the use of laser treatment provides unique structures with a novel set of properties. Processes of laser alloying after which the heat treatment of the parts is unnecessary present a special interest. Laser boronizing is one such process.The use of pulse and continuous-wave low-power lasers for boronizing the surface of iron-carbon alloys can provide molten alloyed layers that contain boride phases 0.15-0.2 mm thick and up to 2 mm wide [1,2]. It has been shown in [3] that after boronizing iron and steels with the help of a continuous CO 2 laser with a power of up to 3 kW the thickness of the boronized layers increases to 0.4 mm and the width increases to 6 mm. A unique structure is formed in the molten layer that consists of a boride eutectic and a solid solution or a boride.The aim of the present work consisted in studying the microstructure and properties of iron-carbon alloys boronized by radiation of a continuous-wave CO 2 laser.The boronizing was conducted by laser treatment of the surface resulting in melting of the surface of specimens 20 x 20 x 50 mm in size from technical iron and from steels 40Kh, 14Kh2N3MA, 20Kh13, and 13Khl 1N2V2MF (Table 1). The surface of the specimens was coated by a mixture of a powder of amorphous boron and a BF2 adhesive with an acetone additive. The thickness of the coat was controlled by the method of weighing and using a magnetic thickness gage MT-41NTs. The Spectra Physics 973 laser had a radiation power P = 1 -3 kW, the specimen was displaced under the laser beam at a speed v = 2.5 -13.75 mm/sec, the diameter N. I~. Bauman Moscow State Engineering University, Moscow, Russia.of the processed spot d s = 2 -6 mm, and the thickness of the coat 5 = 20 -140 lam. The microstructure and the thickness of the boronized layers were studied using a light microscope and a scanning electron microscope, and the phase composition was determined using a DRON-3 diffractometer. The wear tests of the specimens were conducted on a MM295 bench under a specific pressure of 100 N/cm 2 at a speed of 0.06 m/sec for a test time of 30 min. The standard was carburized steel 14Kh2N3MA (60 HRC). The abrasion strength of the specimens under rolling friction with 10% sliding was determined using machines of MI type in a clay suspension with addition of sand. The counterbodies were plates from steel ShKhl5 (61 -62 HRC). The wear of the specimens was determined by weighing them on an analytical balance with an accuracy of 1 x 10 -4 g before and after the test. Figure 1 presents the dependences of the sizes of the boronized zones and the Vickers hardness on the spot diameter in laser treatment of the specimens conducted in air. Since the microrelief of the surface of the boronized zones was uneven, we determined the effective thickness hef t equal to the distance from the dimple on the surface to the maximum melting level. The quantity her r characterizes the maximum depth of boronizing after grinding the surface. It can be seen from Fig. 1 that ...

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“…[1][2][3][4][5] Lyaknovich et al [1] have used a CW-CO 2 laser for melting the surface of a low-carbon steel coated with powdered boron mixture. With this technique, iron boride layers have been formed, which exhibit high hardness and good wear resistance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phase transitions and microstructure of a laser-induced steel surface alloying

Glozman,

Bamberger

1997

Metall Mater Trans A

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Alloying the surface of AISI 1045 steel with CrB by laser irradiation causes partial dissolution of the chromium boride in the melt and the formation of different borides of Fe and Cr in the treated layer. At a low laser scan velocity (0.01 m/s), the dissolution of CrB is almost complete, and the microstructure and properties of the top layer are uniform. At a higher scan velocity (0.05 m/s), a large number of CrB particles remain undissolved in the layer, and its properties are heterogeneous. The matrix consists of columns of iron boride, with up to 20 pct Cr dissolved in it, and between them a eutectic containing ␣-Fe and chromium-boride with dissolved Fe. Iron boride grows on a transitional layer of Cr 2 B coating the surface of residual CrB particles, which cannot serve as nucleation sites because of the incompatibility of their crystal structure with that of (Fe,Cr) 2 B.

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Surface saturation of steel with boron by laser radiation

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Structure and properties of strengthening layer on Hardox 450 steel

Structure and properties of strengthening layer on Hardox 450 steel

Special features of boronizing iron and steel using a continuous-wave CO2 laser

Phase transitions and microstructure of a laser-induced steel surface alloying

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