Surface stress measurement by the optical waveguide effect in thermally-tempered float glass

Kishii, Toru

doi:10.1016/0030-3992(79)90087-2

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…This instrument uses the difference in refractive index between the surface and the interior of the glass to measure the depth of the refractive index profile . That measurement corresponds to the diffusion depth of the invading cation . The measure of compressive stress (CS) at the surface of the glass, also given by the modified FSM‐6000 instrument, is based on the birefringence between the TE and TM light propagation modes.…”

Section: Barium Salts Used For Ion Exchange In Subcritical Water Thementioning

confidence: 99%

“…40 That measurement corresponds to the diffusion depth of the invading cation. 41 The measure of compressive stress (CS) at the surface of the glass, also given by the modified FSM-6000 instrument, is based on the birefringence between the TE and TM light propagation modes. When multiplied by the stress-optic coefficient of the glass, the surface CS, r(0), is obtained.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Chemical Strengthening of Alkali‐Free Glass via Pressure Vessel Ion Exchange

Mauro

Truesdale

Adib

et al. 2016

Int J of Appl Glass Sci

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Ion exchange is a popular technique for chemically strengthening alkali‐containing glass articles, such as Corning® Gorilla® Glass. The ion exchange process is based on a replacement of small alkali ions in the glass with larger alkali ions from a molten salt bath through inter‐diffusion. As the larger alkali ions from the salt bath supplant the smaller alkali ions in the glass, a compressive stress profile is generated near the surface of the glass, which increases its strength and damage resistance. However, certain applications of high‐tech glasses require alkali‐free environments, such as glasses used as substrates for flat panel display applications. In this paper, we report the first successful chemical strengthening of an alkali‐free glass. This is achieved via an aqueous ion exchange of barium salts under high pressure and temperature. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy reveals that Ba2+ replaces both Ca2+ and B3+ in the glass, producing surface compressive stress values near 200 MPa. This technology may enable chemical strengthening for a wide range of applications, including flat panel display substrates.

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Section: Barium Salts Used For Ion Exchange In Subcritical Water Thementioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%