Surface temperature change of spruce forest as a result of bark beetle attack: remote sensing and GIS approach

Abstract

In the 1990s, a bark beetle (Ips typographus [L.]) infection caused the decay of spruce forest (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) in the central part of the Š umava Mountains, the Czech Republic, bordering the Bavarian Forest National Park, Germany, where the bark beetle infection started in the late 1980s. Some areas were left without human intervention and, consequently, the trees around these areas were removed to stop further bark beetle outbreak. The objective of our study was the assessment of surface temperature (ST) change in spruce forest decayed under bark beetle and following clear-cutting. The change detection of ST is based on the comparison of modelled values and thermal satellite data. For this purpose, Landsat scenes from July 11th, 1987 and July 28th, 2002 were used.The models describe the dependence of ST of living spruce forest on topography. The topography effect is based on the Altitude and Hillshade index, which expresses the influence of Aspect and Slope on the relief illumination. Then the modelled ST values were extrapolated for decayed spruce forest and clear-cut areas. In order to increase model accuracy, the forest edge zones (90 m wide) were removed because of their different energy balance; then explained variability value (R 2 ) increased from 0.37 to 0.55. The results of comparing modelled values with satellite ST in the decayed spruce forest and clear-cut areas show an average increase of ST by 5.2 and 3.5°C, respectively. The thermal satellite data from 1987 were used for model validation. This showed that the accuracy of ST modelling using topography was sufficient, because the difference between the modelled ST with and without decayed spruce forest and clear-cut areas was at most only 0.4°C.

The impact of bark beetle infestations on monoterpene emissions and secondary organic aerosol formation in western North America

“…Increased surface temperatures measured in beetle-killed forests by Hais and Kucera (2008) and modeled by Wiedinmyer et al (2012) may also increase VOC emissions beyond what we show here, as VOC emissions increase exponentially with increasing temperature (Guenther et al, 1993). Simlarly, post-outbreak forestry activity such as salvage logging could impact VOC emissions (e.g.…”

“…Wiedinmyer et al, 2012;Edburg et al, 2012). Hais and Kucera (2008) estimate a 3.5 K increase in temperature in a spruce forest after beetle attack. In addition, snowpack in a beetle-killed forest can also be prolonged (Boon, 2007;Perrot et al, 2012).…”

An Automated Approach to Map the History of Forest Disturbance from Insect Mortality and Harvest with Landsat Time-Series Data

“…By coupling multi-resolution data, our intent was to understand scale differences in observations. We attempt to define the type of event and temporal nature of the trend from a few proven spectral indices with simple threshold and trajectory techniques [21,41]. Our classification approach relies on growing season time-series analysis to extract disturbed area through time in an attempt to understand declines in forest productivity.…”

Are bark beetles responsible for droughts in the Šumava Mts.? A mini-review

“…Temperatures of the atmosphere and soil measured in green mature forest, dead forest and clearings are similar (Hais and Pokorný 2004;Tesař et al 2004;Hais and Kučera 2008;Kindlmann et al 2012). …”