Surface-tension-induced flattening of a nearly plane elastic solid

Jagota, Anand; Paretkar, Dadhichi; Ghatak, Ajoy

doi:10.1103/physreve.85.051602

Cited by 72 publications

(98 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…However, surface tension can cause significant deformations in compliant solids (e.g. [22,39]). In our experiments, surface tension acts to keep liquid inclusions spherical, opposing any applied stretch.…”

Section: Theory and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These solid capillary effects include the smoothing-out of ripples and corners in soft solids [22,23], and qualitative changes to the phenomena of wetting [24][25][26][27][28] and adhesion [29][30][31][32]. Additionally, the competition of surface tension and elasticity can select the wavelength of pearling and creasing instabilities [33,34].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Stiffening solids with liquid inclusions

et al. 2014

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From bone and wood to concrete and carbon fibre, composites are ubiquitous natural and engineering materials. Eshelby's inclusion theory describes how macroscopic stress fields couple to isolated microscopic inclusions, allowing prediction of a composite's bulk mechanical properties from a knowledge of its microstructure. It has been extended to describe a wide variety of phenomena from solid fracture to cell adhesion. Here, we show experimentally and theoretically that Eshelby's theory breaks down for small liquid inclusions in a soft solid. In this limit, an isolated droplet's deformation is strongly size-dependent with the smallest droplets mimicking the behaviour of solid inclusions. Furthermore, in opposition to the predictions of conventional composite theory, we find that finite concentrations of small liquid inclusions enhance the stiffness of soft solids. A straight-forward extension of Eshelby's theory, accounting for the surface tension of the solid-liquid interface, explains our experimental observations. The counterintuitive effect of liquid-stiffening of solids is expected whenever droplet radii are smaller than an elastocapillary length, given by the ratio of the surface tension to Young's modulus of the solid matrix.

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Section: Theory and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stiffening solids with liquid inclusions

et al. 2014

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“…There are currently only a few, recently developed techniques for measurement of solid surface tensions in soft surfaces. These either require imaging of surface profiles close to a droplet contact line 24 , detailed elastic models 31 or bending of elastic membranes on wetting 47 . This indentation offers a new, simpler method for dry measurement of surface tensions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These solid capillary effects become significant below a critical elastocapillary lengthscale, L 28,31 . The basic physics is highlighted by the following argument: consider a surface with a sinusoidal corrugation of wavelength l. Surface tension acts to flatten the surface, with a stress that scales like Ç sv /l 2 .…”

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Surface tension and contact with soft elastic solids

et al. 2013

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The Johnson-Kendall-Roberts theory is the basis of modern contact mechanics. It describes how two deformable objects adhere together, driven by adhesion energy and opposed by elasticity. Here we characterize the indentation of glass particles into soft, silicone substrates using confocal microscopy. We show that, whereas the Johnson-Kendall-Roberts theory holds for particles larger than a critical, elastocapillary lengthscale, it fails for smaller particles. Instead, adhesion of small particles mimics the adsorption of particles at a fluid interface, with a size-independent contact angle between the undeformed surface and the particle given by a generalized version of the Young's law. A simple theory quantitatively captures this behaviour and explains how solid surface tension dominates elasticity for small-scale indentation of soft materials.

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Effect of surface tension on the relaxation of a viscoelastic half‐space perturbed by a point load

Hui

Jagota

2015

J Polym Sci B Polym Phys

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We study the effect of surface tension on the flattening of a surface perturbed by a point load subsequent to its removal. The surface bounds an infinite isotropic linear viscoelastic incompressible half space. The point load is initially applied for a sufficiently long time so that the half space is fully relaxed before the load removal. An exact solution is obtained assuming small deformation. We then specialize our theory to the case of a standard viscoelastic solid. There is an initial reduction of the surface displacement immediately after load removal that is found to be directly proportional to the ratio of applied load to surface tension. This is followed by a temporal decay of the surface profile that depends only on the relaxation time and the long and short time moduli of the viscoelastic solid. Our work also provides the Green's function for a suddenly applied point load on the surface of a viscoelastic half space. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2016, 54, 274–280

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Surface-tension-induced flattening of a nearly plane elastic solid

Cited by 72 publications

References 25 publications

Stiffening solids with liquid inclusions

Stiffening solids with liquid inclusions

Surface tension and contact with soft elastic solids

Effect of surface tension on the relaxation of a viscoelastic half‐space perturbed by a point load

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