Surface topography of (100)-type electro-faceted platinum from scanning tunnelling microscopy and electrochemistry

Gómez, José Luis Sánchez; Vázquez, Luís; Baró, A. M.; Garcı́a, N.; Perdriel, C.L.; Triaca, Walter Enrique; Arvía, Alejandro Jorge

doi:10.1038/323612a0

Cited by 51 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…In the early 1970s, several papers from Arvia's group described an electrochemical procedure to obtain Pt electrode surfaces with preferred orientations from bulk polycrystalline platinum. The procedure used to achieve this is based on the use of repetitive potential sweeps at high frequency under carefully‐selected potential perturbation conditions 9–11. Under the right conditions, the formation of preferentially‐oriented {100} surfaces was achieved, but the roughness factor was low and does not exceed R = 3 9.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly Porous and Preferentially Oriented {100} Platinum Nanowires and Thin Films

Ponrouch

Garbarino

Bertin

et al. 2012

Adv Funct Materials

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Highly {100} oriented Pt deposits were prepared by electrodeposition from a 10 mM HCl, 100 mM KCl and Na 2 PtCl 6 .xH 2 O electrolyte. The deposits were prepared in the form of thin fi lms and array of nanowires. A qualitative assessment of the proportion of {100} oriented Pt surfaces was obtained through X-ray diffraction measurements and cyclic voltammetry in 0.5 M H 2 SO 4 . The effect of the deposition potential, E dep , temperature of the electrolyte, T dep , platinum salt concentration [Na 2 PtCl 6 .xH 2 O], and nature of the substrate were investigated. It was shown that the proportion of {100} oriented Pt surfaces reaches a maximum for E dep = −0.35 V vs SCE. Moreover, this proportion increases steadily as T dep and [Na 2 PtCl 6 .xH 2 O] are decreased from 75 to 25 ° C and from 2.5 to 0.25 mM, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy micrographs indicate that the more oriented samples are made of pine tree-like structures that are effectively single crystals, and that the growth facets appear to be close to the {001} plane. This observation also clearly indicates that the plane exposed during the CV experiment is also {001}. As suggested by these micrographs, the fi lms and nanowires are highly porous and roughness factors as large as 1000 were obtained on highly {100} oriented Pt nanowires. The predominance of {100} facets is attributed to their energetically favoured growth in the presence of hydrogen, and is shown to be signifi cantly enhanced when the mass transport of Pt 4 + is limited. Due to the predominance of {100} facets, the normalized electrocatalytic activity ( μ A cm − 2 Pt ) for the electro-oxidation of hydrazine and ammonia is higher than non-oriented polycrystalline Pt by a factor of 4 and 2.7, respectively.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly Porous and Preferentially Oriented {100} Platinum Nanowires and Thin Films

Ponrouch

Garbarino

Bertin

et al. 2012

Adv Funct Materials

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“…Oriented attachment of the Pd atoms leads to branching and growth of these anisotropic nanostructures 25, 26. Cyclic potential sweeps on a pure‐metal flat surface results in roughness and faceting 24, 27. However, the Ni 60 Pd 20 P 17 B 3 metallic glass surface acts as a self‐assembling template (Figure 1d) during cyclic voltammetry, resulting in growth of highly anisotropic metallic dendrites.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tunable Hierarchical Metallic‐Glass Nanostructures

Mukherjee

Sekol

Carmo

et al. 2013

Adv Funct Materials

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Synthesizing metallic nanostructures with control over morphology, surface chemistry, and length‐scale is important for a wide range of applications. Nanostructures having large surface area paired with suitable chemistry are particularly desirable in catalytic applications to facilitate the reaction kinetics. However, the techniques used for nanostructure synthesis are often lengthy, difficult, require expensive precursors/stabilizers, and limit the control over nanostructure morphology/chemistry. Here tuning metallic‐glass nanostructures to a wide range of morphologies, where the surface is enriched with catalytic noble metal, is reported. By combining thermoplastic nanofabrication together with electrochemical processing, hierarchical metallic nanostructures with large electrochemical surface area and high catalytic activity are synthesized. Due to the versatility in processing and independent control over multiple length‐scales, the approach may serve as a tool‐box for fabricating complex hierarchical nanostructures for wide ranging applications.

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“…SEM micrographs of these surfaces exhibited large square and rectangular crystallites denoting the formation of facets with a [100] preferred crystallographic orientation. Moreover, it has been demonstrated that ex situ STM images [30] of these modified platinum surfaces are similar to those of true single crystals in the same electrolyte, except for a larger contribution of stepped domains.…”

Section: Electrochemical Surface Modifications Of Naval Steel Surfacementioning

confidence: 87%

The Influence of electrochemical surface modifications on naval steel corrosion

et al. 2005

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The corrosion behaviour of naval steels is characterized by cyclic voltammetric profiles, open-circuit potential decays and polarization curves in 0.5 M sodium nitrate and in 0.6 M sodium chloride at 20°C. Naval steel surfaces can be modified by the application of periodic symmetric and/or asymmetric potential routines in strong alkaline solutions. These perturbations produce the formation of protective or non-protective surface oxides, which can be characterized by scanning electron microscopy and cyclic voltammetry. Corrosion parameters of the new surface oxides are evaluated by polarization curves after long-time exposures in electrolytes containing sodium chloride and sodium nitrate.

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Surface topography of (100)-type electro-faceted platinum from scanning tunnelling microscopy and electrochemistry

Cited by 51 publications

References 8 publications

Highly Porous and Preferentially Oriented {100} Platinum Nanowires and Thin Films

Highly Porous and Preferentially Oriented {100} Platinum Nanowires and Thin Films

Tunable Hierarchical Metallic‐Glass Nanostructures

The Influence of electrochemical surface modifications on naval steel corrosion

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