Surface ultrastructural descriptions of the oropharyngeal cavity of Anas querquedula

Abstract

The current work considers the first anatomical description of oropharyngeal cavity of Garganey, which was performed on eight heads with the help of scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The round apex of elongated tongue has anterior spatula‐like named lingual nail. SEM of dorsal surface of lingual nail carry microtubercles and micropores on its rostral part, while its caudal part carry numerous microridges and micropores, while lateral apical surface only without lingual nail carrying filiform papillae, but its ventral surface carry exfoliated scales‐like projections. Lateral lingual tip carries numerous laterally directed hairs‐like structures. Rostral part of body carry region of small conical papillae in between them small hairs‐like papillae on its lateral surface. Middle part of body carry lingual comb on its dorsal surface, while its lateral surfaces carry region of small conical papillae in between them hairs‐like papillae in addition to filiform papillae, and large conical with small filiform papillae begin to appear laterally to the heads of lingual comb. Lateral surface of lingual prominence carry region of large conical and small filiform papillae on its rostral part, while its caudal part occupied by laterally situated spinated border from the root. Lingual root has two triangular smooth middle and spinated lateral and caudal. Laryngeal entrance divided into papillary and nonpapillary regions. Roof of oropharyngeal cavity divided into lamellar and papillary regions. Choanal cleft divided into rostral narrow ¼ and wide caudal ¾ parts. In conclusion, feeding process depend on the filter feeding mechanism that performed by the help of lateral situated papillae with lingual prominence.

Posthatching developmental studies on the tongue and laryngeal entrance of the common quail (Coturnix coturnix, Linnaeus, 1758) in different five age‐stages

“…The tongue divided into three regions; apex, body, and root, identical to what was described in formerly published data (Abumandour, 2014a;Abumandour, 2018 Harmonious with these gross oversights, SEM imagery display that the round apex observed in all studied five developmental agestages, analogous to that noted in the goose, duck, quail and Egyptian laughing dove (Abumandour, Bassuoni, & Hanafy, 2019;Jackowiak et al, 2011;Parchami et al, 2010). The formerly published data described the presence of numerous appearance of the apex which were thought that it is correlated with the feeding style of the different feeding avian species such as; the oval apex in Hume's tawny owl (Abumandour & El-Bakary, 2017b), the pointed apex in the chicken, zebra finch and hoopoe Iwasaki & Kobayashi, 1986), the blunt apex (El-Mansi et al, 2020), the bifurcated apex note in the owl, Eurasian Hobby, house sparrow, and seagull (Abumandour, 2014a;Abumandour, 2018;Abumandour & El-Bakary, 2017b;Gewaily & Abumandour, 2020;Onuk et al, 2013).…”

Gross morphological, histological and scanning electron specifications of the oropharyngeal cavity of the hooded crow (Corvus cornix pallescens)

“…The present study revealed freely distributed papillae on the laryngeal mound, and around the infundibular cleft, in addition to 6 rows of caudally directed papillae from the papillary crest until a transverse row of pharyngeal papillae caudal to the infundibular cleft. However, the presence of the pharyngeal papillae was reported in many avian species (Abumandour et al., 2019; Abumandour & El‐Bakary, 2017a, 2017b), they were absent in ratite (Crole & Soley, 2010a). The presence of these caudally directed papillae either distributed or arranged in rows considered as an adaptive mechanism for the hooded crow that may help in directing the food particles caudally towards the oesophagus and prevent regurgitation (Moussa & Hassan, 2013).…”

“…This result recorded also in owl (Abumandour & El‐Bakary, 2017b; Emura, Okumura, & Chen, 2009), falcon and kestrel (Emura et al., 2008), nutcracker (Jackowiak et al, 2010), house sparrow (Abumandour, 2018), seagull (Onuk et al., 2013) and Eurasian Hobby (Abumandour, 2014). The pointed lingual apex appeared in chicken (Iwasaki & Kobayashi, 1986) and zebra finch (Dehkordi et al., 2010), while the oval lingual apex appeared in Common kestrel ( Falco tinnunculus ) (Abumandour & El‐Bakary, 2017b), but the round lingual apex appeared in goose, duck and quail (Emura, 2009a; Jackowiak et al., 2011; Parchami et al., 2010a), hoopoe (Abumandour & Gewaily, 2019a) and some migratory birds (Abumandour et al., 2019).…”

“…Arrangement of papillae in the oropharyngeal cavity is the most characteristic appearance and has some differences among the avian species (Abumandour et al., 2019; Abumandour & El‐Bakary, 2017b). The present study revealed freely distributed papillae on the laryngeal mound, and around the infundibular cleft, in addition to 6 rows of caudally directed papillae from the papillary crest until a transverse row of pharyngeal papillae caudal to the infundibular cleft.…”

“…The information on the morphology of the oropharynx of bird species is crucial in understanding the adaptive mechanisms of feeding and drinking habits (Abumandour, Bassuoni, & Hanafy, 2019). Therefore, the anatomists are recently interested in studying the oropharyngeal cavity of different bird species for demonstrating the functional relationship between the characteristic morphological appearance and the surrounding environmental conditions such as the available food particles, the adaptation of birds to life in the air, aquatic conditions or on the floor as well as the lifestyle of birds in their feeding habits and their habitats (Abumandour, 2014; Abumandour & El‐Bakary, 2017a, 2017b; Abumandour & Gewaily, 2019a; Erdogan & Alan, 2012).…”