Surface UV radiation over Australia, 1979–1992: Effects of ozone and cloud cover changes on variations of UV radiation

Udelhofen, Petra M.; Gies, Peter; Roy, Colin; Randel, William J.

doi:10.1029/1999jd900306

Cited by 65 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…However, in some recent studies the groundbased/satellite measurements and model simulations have been used to identify changes in the surface UV and processes responsible for the UV radiation changes (e.g. McElroy, 1993, Borderwijk et al, 1995;Zerefos et al, 1995;Krzyścin, 1996;Weatherhead et al, 1997;Udelhofen et al, 1999;den Outer et al, 2000;Kaurola et al, 2000;Matthijsen et al, 2000;Eerme et al, 2002). These studies confirm that the UV changes are driven by various factors: ozone, cloudiness, aerosols, and surface albedo.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 53%

Long-term variations of the UV-B radiation over Central Europe as derived from the reconstructed UV time series

2004

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Abstract. The daily doses of the erythemally weighted UV radiation are reconstructed for three sites in Central Europe: Belsk-Poland (1966-2001, Hradec Kralove-Czech Republic (1964-2001, and Tõravere-Estonia (1967-2001 to discuss the UV climatology and the long-term changes of the UV-B radiation since the mid 1960s. Various reconstruction models are examined: a purely statistical model based on the Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines (MARS) methodology, and a hybrid model combining radiative transfer model calculations with empirical estimates of the cloud effects on the UV radiation. Modeled long-term variations of the surface UV doses appear to be in a reasonable agreement with the observed ones. A simple quality control procedure is proposed to check the homogeneity of the biometer and pyranometer data. The models are verified using the results of UV observations carried out at Belsk since 1976. MARS provides the best estimates of the UV doses, giving a mean difference between the modeled and observed monthly means equal to 0.6±2.5%. The basic findings are: similar climatological forcing by clouds for all considered stations (∼30% reduction in the surface UV), long-term variations in UV monthly doses having the same temporal pattern for all stations with extreme low monthly values (∼5% below overall mean level) at the end of the 1970s and extreme high monthly values (∼5% above overall mean level) in the mid 1990s, regional peculiarities in the cloud long-term forcing sometimes leading to extended periods with elevated UV doses, recent stabilization of the ozone induced UV long-term changes being a response to a trendless tendency of total ozone since the mid 1990s. In the case of the slowdown of the total ozone trend over Northern Hemisphere mid-latitudes it seems that clouds will appear as the most important modulator of the UV radiation both in long-and short-time scales over next decades.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 53%

Long-term variations of the UV-B radiation over Central Europe as derived from the reconstructed UV time series

2004

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“…Thus, future research that endeavours to understand the role of environmental stressors in species declines should aim to test directly the functional benefits of performance measures, rather than assume their connection to fitness. Importantly, our research arrived at these conclusions using levels of UV-B that correspond well with the observed increases in terrestrial UV-B associated with stratospheric ozone depletion [5,51,52], indicating that continued interest in UV-B as an environmental stressor in amphibian habitats is warranted.…”

Section: Discussion (A) Independent Effects Of Uv-bmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…Here, we show that a small (3 -6%) increase in the daily dose of UV-B, which is comparable to changes in terrestrial UV-B associated with stratospheric ozone depletion [5,51,52], causes a significant (22-28%) reduction in the time it takes for L. peronii tadpoles to be captured and eaten by a predator (figure 2b). This is particularly interesting given that this small increase in UV-B did not affect any of the other traits measured, namely the time to hatch and hatching success of embryos (figure 1), and the post-hatch survival, morphology, locomotor performance (figure 2a) and behaviour of tadpoles.…”

Section: Discussion (A) Independent Effects Of Uv-bmentioning

confidence: 90%

A small increase in UV-B increases the susceptibility of tadpoles to predation

2011

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Increased ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation as a consequence of ozone depletion is one of the many potential drivers of ongoing global amphibian declines. Both alone and in combination with other environmental stressors, UV-B is known to have detrimental effects on the early life stages of amphibians, but our understanding of the fitness consequences of these effects remains superficial. We examined the independent and interactive effects of UV-B and predatory chemical cues (PCC) on a suite of traits of Limnodynastes peronii embryos and tadpoles, and assessed tadpole survival time in a predator environment to evaluate the potential fitness consequences. Exposure to a 3 to 6 per cent increase in UV-B, which is comparable to changes in terrestrial UV-B associated with ozone depletion, had no effect on any of the traits measured, except survival time in a predator environment, which was reduced by 22 to 28 per cent. Exposure to PCC caused tadpoles to hatch earlier, have reduced hatching success, have improved locomotor performance and survive for longer in a predator environment, but had no effect on tadpole survival, behaviour or morphology. Simultaneous exposure to UV-B and PCC resulted in no interactive effects. These findings demonstrate that increased UV-B has the potential to reduce tadpole fitness, while exposure to PCCs improves their fitness.

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“…Measurements of EUV have mostly been conducted in mid-latitude locations or in temperate climate (McKenzie et al, 1991;Webb, 1991;Blumthaler et al, 1992;Frederick and Weatherhead, 1992;Krzyscin and Jaroslawski, 1997;Weihs and Webb, 1997;Foyo-Mereno et al, 1998;Nunez and Mhen, 1998;Cappellani and Kochler, 1999;Thorseth and Kjeldstad, 1999;Udelhofen et al, 1999;Dubrovsky, 2000;Ziemke et al, 2000;McKenzie et al, 2001;Bais et al, 2003;Murillo et al, 2003;Ogunjobi and Kim, 2004;Palancar and Toselli, 2004;Verdebout, 2004;Cordero et al, 2005;Kazantzidis et al, 2006;Seckmeyer et al, 2007). There is relatively limited information on EUV in the tropics, including Thailand (Bernhard et al, 1997;Roy et al, 1998;Ilyas et al, 1999;Kift et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An investigation of solar erythemal ultraviolet radiation in the tropics: a case study at four stations in Thailand

Janjai

Kirdsiri

Masiri

et al. 2009

Intl Journal of Climatology

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Our study examines a 5-year data set of erythemal ultraviolet radiation (EUV) collected at four locations in Thailand: Chiang Mai (18.78°N, 98.98°E), Ubon Ratchathani (15.25°N, 104.87°E), Nakhon Pathom (13.82°N, 100.04°E) and Songkhla (7.20°N, 100.60°E). Seasonal changes are strongly influenced by the wet and dry season in this tropical environment, with maximum daily and noontime irradiances being reached in April or May, prior to the onset of the wet season. Transmission by aerosols, estimated by comparison of cloudless measured irradiance with a cloudless sky model, ranges from 51% at Chiang Mai to 83% at Songkhla during the dry season. By contrast, higher transmissions characterise the wet season when values around 90% are reached. Cloud cover further depletes the EUV irradiance and wet season transmissions range from 68% at Chiang Mai to 79% at Songkhla. Three of the four stations record increases in EUV irradiance over the study period.

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Surface UV radiation over Australia, 1979–1992: Effects of ozone and cloud cover changes on variations of UV radiation

Cited by 65 publications

References 50 publications

Long-term variations of the UV-B radiation over Central Europe as derived from the reconstructed UV time series

Long-term variations of the UV-B radiation over Central Europe as derived from the reconstructed UV time series

A small increase in UV-B increases the susceptibility of tadpoles to predation

An investigation of solar erythemal ultraviolet radiation in the tropics: a case study at four stations in Thailand

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