Surface water dissolved aluminum and titanium: Tracers for specific time scales of dust deposition to the Atlantic?

Dammshäuser, Anna; Wagener, Thibaut; Croot, Peter

doi:10.1029/2011gl049847

Cited by 38 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Dissolved Al has historically been used as a tracer for dust deposition because it is a major component of mineral dust and was thought to be biologically inactive (Grand et al, 2014). However, recent studies suggests that variable dissolution of Al from wet and dry dust deposition as well as increased scavenging of Al in more productive ocean regions (Dammshäuser et al, 2011) will affect the usefulness of Al as a tracer for atmospheric Fe sources. Thus, dissolved Al concentrations in surface waters may only be an accurate representation of dust deposition under specific conditions and the direct measurement of mineral concentrations will give a better idea of the fluxes supplied.…”

Section: Trace Metals In the Water Columnmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The decrease in N n observed near the Cape Verde Islands and at the North American Coast reflected the peaks in phosphate at these two locations. Major nutrient concentrations (N, P, Si) concentrations were low in the SML and relatively constant throughout the transect; except for a tendency towards Dammshäuser et al (2011). Table 2 Average log abundances of discriminatory SML nifH phylotypes that contributed to the overall dissimilarity between sample grouping pairs (dissimilarity/standard deviation 41) determined using SIMPER.…”

Section: Distribution Of Seven Diazotrophic Phylotypes During the Us mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Al, Ga, As) were higher in the Sargasso Sea than in the eastern basin close to the Saharan dust source, likely due to longer residence times in the oligotrophic gyre. Low nutrient concentrations in the Sargasso Sea result in lower productivity and hence lead to lower biological uptake and particle scavenging rates (Dammshäuser et al, 2011).…”

Section: Trace Metals In the Water Columnmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sources of iron and phosphate affect the distribution of diazotrophs in the North Atlantic

Ratten

LaRoche

Desai

et al. 2015

Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography

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International audienceBiological nitrogen fixation (BNF) supplies nutrient-depleted oceanic surface waters with new biologically available fixed nitrogen. Diazotrophs are the only organisms that can fix dinitrogen, but the factors controlling their distribution patterns in the ocean are not well understood. In this study, the relative abundances of eight diazotrophic phylotypes in the subtropical North Atlantic Ocean were determined by quantitative PCR (qPCR) of the nifH gene using TaqMan probes. A total of 152 samples were collected at 27 stations during two GEOTRACES cruises; Lisbon, Portugal to Mindelo, Cape Verde Islands (USGT10) and Woods Hole, MA, USA via the Bermuda Time Series (BATS) to Praia, Cape Verde Islands (USGT11). Seven of the eight diazotrophic phylotypes tested were detected. These included free-living and symbiotic cyanobacteria (unicellular groups (UCYN) A, B and C, Trichodesmium, the diatom-associated cyanobacteria Rhizoselinia-Richelia and Hemiaulus-Richelia) and a γ-proteobacterium (Gamma A, AY896371). The nifH gene abundances were analyzed in the context of a large set of hydrographic parameters, macronutrient and trace metal concentrations measured in parallel with DNA samples using the PRIMER-E software. The environmental variables that most influenced the abundances and distribution of the diazotrophic phylotypes were determined. We observed a geographic segregation of diazotrophic phylotypes between east and west, with UCYN A, UCYN B and UCYN C and the Rhizosolenia-Richelia symbiont associated with the eastern North Atlantic (east of 40°W), and Trichodesmium and Gamma A detected across the basin. Hemiaulus-Richelia symbionts were primarily found in temperate waters near the North American coast. The highest diazotrophic phylotype abundance and diversity were associated with temperatures greater than 22. °C in the surface mixed layer, a high supply of iron from North African aeolian mineral dust deposition and from remineralized nutrients upwelled at the edge of the oxygen minimum zone off the northwestern coast of Afric

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Section: Trace Metals In the Water Columnmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Distribution Of Seven Diazotrophic Phylotypes During the Us mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Trace Metals In the Water Columnmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sources of iron and phosphate affect the distribution of diazotrophs in the North Atlantic

Ratten

LaRoche

Desai

et al. 2015

Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography

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“…Al may be fairly susceptible to scavenging from dissolved sources, however, which would lead to overestimates of lithogenic mass, especially in coastal samples. Ti seems less affected by scavenging (Dammshäuser et al, 2011;Dymond et al, 1997;Murray and Leinen, 1996;Ohnemus and Lam, 2015), but has the disadvantage of varying greatly as a function of different source regions (e.g., UCC Ti¼ 0.3 wt% and BCC Ti¼0.54 wt%) (Taylor and McLennan, 1995). We thus calculate lithogenic mass two ways:…”

Section: Lithogenic Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Size-fractionated major particle composition and concentrations from the US GEOTRACES North Atlantic Zonal Transect

Lam

Ohnemus

Auro

2015

Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography

147

148

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Opal Biogenic silica POC Ballast Dust Lithogenic material a b s t r a c tThe concentration and the major phase composition (particulate organic matter, CaCO 3 , opal, lithogenic matter, and iron and manganese oxyhydroxides) of marine particles is thought to determine the scavenging removal of particle-reactive TEIs. Particles are also the vector for transferring carbon from the atmosphere to the deep ocean via the biological carbon pump, and their composition may determine the efficiency and strength of this transfer. Here, we present the first full ocean depth section of sizefractionated (1-51 mm, 4 51 mm) suspended particulate matter (SPM) concentration and major phase composition from the US GEOTRACES North Atlantic Zonal Transect between Woods Hole, MA and Lisbon, Portugal conducted in 2010 and 2011. Several major particle features are notable in the section: intense benthic nepheloid layers were observed in the western North American margin with concentrations of SPM of up to 1648 mg/L, two to three orders of magnitude higher than surrounding waters, that were dominated by lithogenic material. A more moderate benthic nepheloid layer was also observed in the eastern Mauritanian margin (44 mg/L) that had a lower lithogenic content and, notably, significant concentrations of iron and manganese oxyhydroxides (2.5% each). An intermediate nepheloid layer reaching 102 mg/L, an order of magnitude above surrounding waters, was observed associated with the Mediterranean Outflow. Finally, there was a factor of two enhancement in SPM at the TAG hydrothermal plume due almost entirely to the addition of iron oxyhydroxides from the hydrothermal vent. We observe correlations between POC and CaCO 3 in large (4 51 mm) particles in the upper 2000 m, but not deeper than 2000 m, and no correlations between POC and CaCO 3 at any depth in small ( o51 mm) particles. There were also no correlations between POC and lithogenic material in large particles. Overall, there were very large uncertainties associated with all regression coefficients for mineral ballast ("carrying coefficients"), suggesting that mineral ballast was not a strong predictor for POC in this section.

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“…Aluminum is an element of special interest due to the short residence times of dissolved Al (d Al ) in surface ocean waters, where d Al is used as a tracer for dust inputs (Gehlen et al, 2002), including their seasonal and spatial variations (Dammshäuser et al ., 2011) . In the oceanic water column, the biogeochemical cycles of Al and Si are coupled through intimate interactions between d Al and biogenic silica (BSi: e.g ., diatoms, radiolarians, and silicoflagellates) (Fig .…”

Section: Aluminum Sorption and Trapping In Biogenic Silica: A Major Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mineral-Aqueous Solution Interfaces and Their Impact on the Environment

Brown¹,

Calas²

2012

GeochemPersp

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Surface water dissolved aluminum and titanium: Tracers for specific time scales of dust deposition to the Atlantic?

Cited by 38 publications

References 34 publications

Sources of iron and phosphate affect the distribution of diazotrophs in the North Atlantic

Sources of iron and phosphate affect the distribution of diazotrophs in the North Atlantic

Size-fractionated major particle composition and concentrations from the US GEOTRACES North Atlantic Zonal Transect

Mineral-Aqueous Solution Interfaces and Their Impact on the Environment

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