Surface-water gley soils in Bangladesh: Genesis

Brinkman, R.

doi:10.1016/0016-7061(77)90043-x

Cited by 75 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…In addition, a prior study indicates that clay minerals in the E and Eg horizons of the soils contain mainly organic fillings in their interlayers and not metalhydroxy polymers, as indicated by Brinkman (1979). The neoformation of fine quartz in bleached horizons, proposed by Brinkman (1977Brinkman ( , 1979 and Brinkman et al (1973) as a secondary product of weathering due to ferrolysis was not observed in the Retisols, because the presence of quartz in the clay fraction was observed in both E and Eg horizons (Fig. 2), and also in other horizons of the soils (Szymański et al 2011.…”

Section: Verification Of Ferrolysis Occurrence In Retisolsmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…The seasonal stagnation of water within Retisols causes the bleaching of soil material indicating reduction and dissolution of iron oxides and their subsequent re-oxidation and immobilization in the form of iron nodules, concretions, soft masses, and pore linings (Cescas et al 1970;Schwertmann and Fanning 1976;Rhoton et al 1993;Zhang and Karathanasis 1997;Lindbo et al 2000;Dixon and White 2002;Szymański et al 2011Szymański et al , 2012Szymański et al , 2014Szymański and Skiba 2013). Similar changes in the valence of iron may occur within the structures of clay minerals containing iron in the octahedral sheet (e.g., Rich 1968;Brinkman 1977;Rozenson and Heller-Kallai 1978;Gerstl and Banin 1980;Hardy et al 1999;Kohut and Warren 2002). However, Van Ranst and De Coninck (2002) as well as Van Ranst et al (2011) have recently reported that ferrolysis does not take place in Retisols (previously called Albeluvisols) and soils exhibiting a stagnic color pattern from Western Europe and in Planosols from Ethiopia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…2002; Phillips 2007); and ferrolysis (Brinkman 1970(Brinkman , 1977(Brinkman , 1979Brinkman et al 1973).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…Thus, cyclic reduction and oxidation may cause decomposition of clay minerals leading to release of the lattice cations (e.g., Al, Mg, Fe). Except for the dissolution, soil clay minerals may undergo transformation due to the formation of Al-and/or Fehydroxy polymers within the interlayer space (Rich 1968;Brinkman 1970Brinkman , 1977Gerstl and Banin 1980). The transformation of 2:1 clay minerals due to the cyclic reduction and oxidation and formation of the clays with interlayer fillings is responsible for lowering their cation exchange capacity, mineral solubility, and swelling ability (Rich 1968;Brinkman 1979;Nakao et al 2009;Szymański et al 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ferrolysis is a common process in seasonally wet and acidic soils containing a hardly permeable horizon such as a plughpan (Brinkman 1977) and duripan (Hobson and Dahlgren 1998). Ferrolysis may also occur in soils with a fragipan.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of redox processes on clay mineral transformation in Retisols in the Carpathian Foothills in Poland. Is a ferrolysis process present?

Szymański

Skiba

Błachowski³

2016

J Soils Sediments

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Purpose Ferrolysis is a soil-forming process, which involves destruction of clay minerals due to cyclic reduction and oxidation in acidic and periodically wet soils. The main objectives of this study were as follows: (1) to determine the influence of redox processes on clay mineral transformation in Retisols (Albeluvisols) in the Carpathian Foothills in Poland and (2) to verify the occurrence of ferrolysis in Retisols showing various degrees of bleaching. Materials and methods Twelve representative soil profiles were selected for analysis. All were formed entirely from loess except for two profiles, in which the lowermost horizons (2C) had developed from weathered flysch rocks residuum. Soil mineral analysis was done using x-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and Mössbauer spectroscopy (MS). Results and discussion The obtained results indicate that the qualitative and quantitative mineral compositions of the clay fraction in the E and Eg horizons obtained from Retisols in the Carpathian Foothills exhibiting marked differences in bleaching (strong, moderate, weak, and lack of bleaching) caused by periodic stagnation of water above a slowly permeable fragipan and cyclic redox processes are the same. The E and Eg horizons are characterized by the presence of 2:1 clay minerals with likely organic interlayer fillings, dioctahedral mica, kaolinite, and chlorite. Conclusions The results indicate that (1) redox processes occurring in the soils do not affect clay mineral transformation in Retisols of the Carpathian Foothills in Poland and (2) ferrolysis is not the main soil-forming process operating in these soils. This is most likely because ironbearing minerals are not abundant in the Retisols and/or undergo eluviation to the lower part of the soil profiles. The lower content of the clay fraction in the E and Eg horizons versus that in the lower soil horizons of the Retisols is related to clay illuviation (lessivage), and not to clay decomposition due to ferrolysis.

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Section: Verification Of Ferrolysis Occurrence In Retisolsmentioning

confidence: 76%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…2002; Phillips 2007); and ferrolysis (Brinkman 1970(Brinkman , 1977(Brinkman , 1979Brinkman et al 1973).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of redox processes on clay mineral transformation in Retisols in the Carpathian Foothills in Poland. Is a ferrolysis process present?

Szymański

Skiba

Błachowski³

2016

J Soils Sediments

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The Biogeochemistry of Submerged Soils

Kirk¹

2004

336

306

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Soils of Urban and Human‐Impacted Landscapes

Howard

Daniels

2017

International Encyclopedia of Geography

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Soils of urban and human‐impacted landscapes (Anthrosols) differ from soils normally found in natural settings in that they have been modified so profoundly by human activity that they have characteristics outside the range of native soil series and require reclassification as a different type of soil. Anthrosols are widely distributed in agricultural, archaeological, mine‐related, and urban geographical settings. Agricultural Anthrosols are formed by long‐term artificial additions of manure (Plaggenic) or irrigation water (Anthraquic). Anthrosols found at archaeological sites (Plaggenic, Dark Earth, Terra Preta, and Midden soils) are developed in various historical contexts (agricultural, occupation, ceremonial, and burial sites). They have formed through human additions of organic and mineral material. Mine‐related Anthrosols are formed from parent materials which have been artificially sized by blasting, and mixed together in an unnatural way by mechanized equipment. These soils are frequently biologically unproductive, difficult to reclaim, and many have become highly acidic by weathering of pyritic parent materials. Two types of urban Anthrosols are distinguished depending on whether they were formed in human‐altered material (native parent materials modified in place) or human‐transported material (anthropogenic deposits formed from mixed soil materials and other earthy fill). Urban Anthrosols often contain large amounts of artifacts in the form of waste building materials or carbonaceous wastes related to fossil fuel combustion. Some artifacts are comprised of substances (e.g., coal tar, plastic) not found in nature, and have a high preservation potential. Further study is needed because Anthrosols have unique properties that greatly affect their use and management.

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Surface-water gley soils in Bangladesh: Genesis

Cited by 75 publications

References 12 publications

Influence of redox processes on clay mineral transformation in Retisols in the Carpathian Foothills in Poland. Is a ferrolysis process present?

Influence of redox processes on clay mineral transformation in Retisols in the Carpathian Foothills in Poland. Is a ferrolysis process present?

The Biogeochemistry of Submerged Soils

Soils of Urban and Human‐Impacted Landscapes

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