Surface Water Storage Capacity of Twenty Tree Species in Davis, California

Xiao, Qingfu; McPherson, E. Gregory

doi:10.2134/jeq2015.02.0092

Cited by 125 publications

(101 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Tree crowns intercept rain and reduce the amount of water reaching the pervious or impervious surfaces below. Xiao and McPherson (2016) provide a comparative study of one aspect of tree crowns that influence interception, surface water storage capacity. The depth of this film of rainwater stored on crown surfaces was measured for 20 different tree species using a novel rainfall simulator and load‐cell balance system.…”

Section: Urban Policy Makers Planners and Managers Need An Urban Fomentioning

confidence: 99%

The Urban Forest and Ecosystem Services: Impacts on Urban Water, Heat, and Pollution Cycles at the Tree, Street, and City Scale

2016

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Many environmental challenges are exacerbated within the urban landscape, such as stormwater runoff and flood risk, chemical and particulate pollution of urban air, soil and water, the urban heat island, and summer heat waves. Urban trees, and the urban forest as a whole, can be managed to have an impact on the urban water, heat, carbon and pollution cycles. However, there is an increasing need for empirical evidence as to the magnitude of the impacts, both beneficial and adverse, that urban trees can provide and the role that climatic region and built landscape circumstance play in modifying those impacts. This special section presents new research that advances our knowledge of the ecological and environmental services provided by the urban forest. The 14 studies included provide a global perspective on the role of trees in towns and cities from five continents. Some studies provide evidence for the cooling benefit of the local microclimate in urban green space with and without trees. Other studies focus solely on the cooling benefit of urban tree transpiration at a mesoscale or on cooling from canopy shade at a street and pedestrian scale. Other studies are concerned with tree species differences in canopy interception of rainfall, water uptake from biofilter systems, and water quality improvements through nutrient uptake from stormwater runoff. Research reported here also considers both the positive and the negative impacts of trees on air quality, through the role of trees in removing air pollutants such as ozone as well as in releasing potentially harmful volatile organic compounds and allergenic particulates. A transdisciplinary framework to support future urban forest research is proposed to better understand and communicate the role of urban trees in urban biogeochemical cycles that are highly disturbed, highly managed, and of paramount importance to human health and well-being.

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Section: Urban Policy Makers Planners and Managers Need An Urban Fomentioning

confidence: 99%

The Urban Forest and Ecosystem Services: Impacts on Urban Water, Heat, and Pollution Cycles at the Tree, Street, and City Scale

2016

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“…The amount of water retained was calculated from the difference between the wet and the dry branch (A). The setting of branches during spraying was similar to their natural orientation on a tree [39]. A fixed dose of water, equal to P = 100.0 g, was assumed.…”

Section: Measurement Of the Canopy Water Storage Capacitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Variability in the Wettability and Water Storage Capacity of Common Oak Leaves (Quercus robur L.)

Klamerus‐Iwan

Witek

2018

Water

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Abstract:The canopy water storage capacity and wettability of the plant material are significantly dependent on the condition of the leaf surface. The aim of the present research was an analysis of the influence of infection with oak powdery mildew, seasonal changes occurring on leaves and factors related to location on the surface of leaves and their hydrological properties. This study performed a series of experiments connecting the direct spraying of tree branches with simulated rainfall under laboratory conditions; an analysis of the content of aromatic hydrocarbons in leaves with the use of the chromatograph; and measurements of the angles of adherence of raindrops to the leaf surface. Degree of wettability was determined and, additionally, photographs were taken with a scanning electron microscope. The experiments were performed on common oak (Quercus robur L.) both in the city and in the forest, on two dates: in May and September. All series of measurements were done on healthy leaves and on leaves covered with oak powdery mildew (Microsphaera alphitoides Griff. et Maubl.) to various degrees. Oak powdery mildew has the largest influence on the canopy water storage capacity and on hydrophobicity. In September, the leaves retained an average of 7.2 g/g more water than in May; and, in the leaves from the city, the canopy water storage capacity was 3.1 g/g higher. A decreasing angle of inclination of raindrops to leaves testified to growing wettability and increased the amount of water retained in tree crowns. An additional analysis of SEM photographs points to a dependency of the canopy water storage capacity on the condition of the surface of leaves.

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“…In this context, it can be mentioned (Keim 2004) that the ability of crown to retain water can be treated as a constant value only for a single precipitation, subsequent precipitation can modulate this ability. With regard to numerous factors affecting the interception, it is necessary to evaluate precisely, whether basic processes and both physical and chemical changes, occurring during the vegetation period, can affect interception (Xiao and McPherson 2016). Seasonal and species variations were observed by Neinhuis & , Nanko et al (2013), Holder (2007), Koch & Bartholott (2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal variability of interception and water wettability of common oak leaves

Klamerus‐Iwan

Błońska

2016

Ann. For. Res.

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A. Klamerus-Iwan, E. BłonskaKlamerus-Iwan A., Błonska E., 2017. Seasonal variability of interception and water wettability of common oak leaves. Ann. For. Res. 60(1): 63-73.Abstract. Wettability of leaves and the resulting amount of interception loss of tree crowns is an important component of the atmosphere-tree stand-soil system balance. In the study, we hypothesized that changes occurring in leaves during the vegetation period can significantly affect the amount of rainwater retained by plants and wettability of leaves which is expressed by the contact angle between drops and leaves. We evaluated the hypothesis based on measurement series, which combined direct spraying of leaves with water at different stages of development at a constant temperature with observations made with an electron scanner which was used to determine changes occurring within a leaf, while the photographic method was used to analyze the contact angle of drops. The study involved common oak (Quercus robur). Samples of twigs derived from this species were collected in the area of Przedbórz (Poland) forest district, in particular from the trees with well-developed crowns. Twigs were collected from 10 trees of similar age (35-40 years). The resulting database contained experimental data on changes of raindrop adhesion on oak leaves throughout the growing season. The internal contact angle of drops was within the range of 150° on the upper side of the leaf and 160° on the underside in May, up to 15° and 35° in November on the upper and underside of the leaves. Loss of interception was established at 6% at the beginning of the growing season up to 22% in autumn. It was concluded that the wettability and the level of interception increases in line with the age of a leaf.

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Surface Water Storage Capacity of Twenty Tree Species in Davis, California

Cited by 125 publications

References 36 publications

The Urban Forest and Ecosystem Services: Impacts on Urban Water, Heat, and Pollution Cycles at the Tree, Street, and City Scale

The Urban Forest and Ecosystem Services: Impacts on Urban Water, Heat, and Pollution Cycles at the Tree, Street, and City Scale

Variability in the Wettability and Water Storage Capacity of Common Oak Leaves (Quercus robur L.)

Seasonal variability of interception and water wettability of common oak leaves

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