Surfactant-Oil-Water Systems Near the Affinity Inversion. XII: Emulsion Drop Size Versus Formulation and Composition

Pérez, Mirella; Zambrano, Noelia; Ramírez, Marta; Tyrode, Eric; Salager, Jean‐Louis

doi:10.1081/dis-120003304

Cited by 6 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…It is worth noting however that the decrease in Figure 1 is much more pronounced for the W/O emulsions (EON < 6.5) than for the O/W ones, probably because the regimes, particularly the surfactant concentration effect, are different, as discussed elsewhere. 24,31 On the contrary, the variation of the drop size in Figure 2 is almost symmetrical. Figure 3 indicates the variation of the average drop size on the O/W side only, but for a considerable variation in stirring energy.…”

Section: Effect Of Stirringmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…The general phenomenology found for the effect of SAD on drop size applies over a wide range of waterto-oil ratio (WOR) and with all formulation variables. 23,24,28,29 As the formulation approaches optimum, but is still away, the tension decreases whereas the coalescence rate remains essentially constant. As a consequence, the low tension favors the breaking and the drop size tends to decrease.…”

Section: Complete Formulation Scan (Nonylphenol Eon and Sds Salinity)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, this was not related to a formulation effect. 24 A recent work on emulsion inversion by the PIT method 25 showed the variation of emulsion viscosity through a temperature scan. Two maxima in viscosity were found on both sides of SAD ) 0 just at the boundaries of the three-phase region, as was reported in previous studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Combined Effects of Formulation and Stirring on Emulsion Drop Size in the Vicinity of Three-Phase Behavior of Surfactant−Oil Water Systems

Tolosa

Forgiarini

Moreno

et al. 2006

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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As surfactant-oil-water systems approach Winsor III phase behavior, at the so-called optimum formulation, the interfacial tension decreases, thus allowing the generation of smaller drops upon stirring. On the other hand, the coalescence rate increases, thus favoring the formation of larger drops. The two opposite effects do not alter the drop size in the same way and result in a minimum drop size. Such a minimum drop size is found on both sides (for O/W and W/O emulsions) of optimum formulation, whatever the variable used to produce the scan. The location of these minima, which correspond to the most efficient use of the stirring energy to make small droplets, is found to be slightly shifted by a change in stirring energy.

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Section: Effect Of Stirringmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Complete Formulation Scan (Nonylphenol Eon and Sds Salinity)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Combined Effects of Formulation and Stirring on Emulsion Drop Size in the Vicinity of Three-Phase Behavior of Surfactant−Oil Water Systems

Tolosa

Forgiarini

Moreno

et al. 2006

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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“…The point of transitional phase inversion, at which the free energy for transfer of the surfactant from the oil phase to the water phase is zero, is called the optimum formulation point (also HLD = 0). As the emulsion composition approaches the optimum formulation point from either side, the interfacial tension decreases by several orders of magnitude. ,− This decrease in interfacial tension induces a decrease in the average drop size. However, when the formulation becomes extremely close to HLD = 0, further lowering of the interfacial tension does not produce any significant reduction in drop size.…”

Section: Techniques To Monitor and Characterize Phase Inversion Emuls...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Developments in Phase Inversion Emulsification

Kumar

Cheng

et al. 2015

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Emulsions are multiphasic fluid systems in which liquid droplets are dispersed in another immiscible liquid. The main components of an emulsion are the two liquid phases, typically oil and water, and the emulsifier, which stabilizes the interface between the two liquid phases. Emulsifiers can be a variety of molecules, such as polymers, amphiphilic surfactants, and proteins, and they can also be colloidal particles. Emulsion phase inversion is the process of interconversion between two types of simple emulsions: water-in-oil and oil-in-water emulsions. Phase inversion can be induced by shifting the emulsifier affinity from one phase to the other, which is called transitional phase inversion. It can also be triggered by a change in the water-to-oil ratio of the emulsion, which leads to a process known as catastrophic phase inversion. With recent advances in the stabilization of emulsions using colloidal particles and stimuli-responsive surfactants, numerous novel emulsion systems that undergo emulsion phase inversion by means of various mechanisms have been developed. In this review, we highlight the most recent developments in the field of emulsion phase inversion, focusing on transitional phase inversion, inversion of particle-stabilized emulsions, and flowand shear-induced phase inversion. We also discuss and compare state-of-the-art analytical methods that have been used to detect and understand the emulsion phase inversion process. Our coverage spans from the early concepts of Bancroft's rule through the concept of semiquantitative hydrophilic−lipophilic balance to the more recent theoretical models used to predict and control phase inversion phenomena. We conclude this review by presenting an outlook on the future directions and outstanding problems that warrant future investigations to fully understand the mechanism of emulsion phase inversion at the single-droplet level.

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“…3 Thus, to form concentrated emulsions with high φ m , emulsions should be prepared with optimized chemical formulations containing a co-solvent near the optimum conditions. Peŕez et al 39 observed that a bimodal droplet size distribution formed a small distance from the optimum conditionsw when alcohol was used with a surfactant. dos Santos et al 42 also recently reported that the addition of light/ medium alcohol co-solvents to surfactants resulted in a bimodal distribution of emulsion droplets.…”

Section: Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic Study of Heavy Oil Emulsion Properties Optimized with a New Chemical Formulation Approach: Particle Size Distribution

2015

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Surfactant-Oil-Water Systems Near the Affinity Inversion. XII: Emulsion Drop Size Versus Formulation and Composition

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Combined Effects of Formulation and Stirring on Emulsion Drop Size in the Vicinity of Three-Phase Behavior of Surfactant−Oil Water Systems

Combined Effects of Formulation and Stirring on Emulsion Drop Size in the Vicinity of Three-Phase Behavior of Surfactant−Oil Water Systems

Recent Developments in Phase Inversion Emulsification

Systematic Study of Heavy Oil Emulsion Properties Optimized with a New Chemical Formulation Approach: Particle Size Distribution

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