Surfactant Pyrolysis-Guided in Situ Fabrication of Primary Amine-Rich Ordered Mesoporous Phenolic Resin Displaying Efficient Heavy Metal Removal

Abstract

A unique strategy for the direct preparation of primary amine-functionalized ordered mesoporous phenolic resin (NH 2 -MPRN) was presented. The essence of our approach avoided the side reactions in the m-nitrophenol−formaldehyde resol synthesis using m-nitrophenol and formaldehyde as the monomers. Importantly, these resols can efficiently assemble with triblock copolymer F127 to form a mesostructured composite. The final prolysis treatment removed the F127 template to produce ordered mesopores, and meanwhile, the accompanying reductive gas in situ transferred the nitro groups to primary amines. Notably, the obtained NH 2 -MPRN material delivered fast toxic hexavalent chromium sorption kinetics with high uptake capacity and selectivity due to a mesoporous structure, high amine availability, and a hydrophobic surface. Interestingly, almost all of adsorbed chromium species existed as low-toxic trivalent chromium in the resin owing to the cooperative detoxification process by the neighboring primary amines and phenolic hydroxyl groups. Also, it showed the reversible detoxification for at least five times.

An overview of boron nitride based polymer nanocomposites

“…In situ polymerization can be polycondensation, reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer polymerization, chemical oxidative polymerization and so on) (Table 2). [ 109,110 ]…”

“…In situ polymerization can be polycondensation, reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer polymerization, chemical oxidative polymerization and so on) ( Table 2). [109,110] In 2014, Wei Yan and coworkers used in situ polycondensation method to synthesize polyimide nanocomposites of high thermal conductivity and electrical insulation by incorporating with boron nitride coated multi-walled carbon nanotubes. [111] Guo and coworkers adopted same method toward the synthesis of biodegradable poly(butylene succinate) (PBS)/OH-BNNSs nanocomposites.…”

Primary Amine-Functionalized Mesoporous Phenolic Resin-Supported Palladium Nanoparticles as an Effective and Stable Catalyst for Water-Medium Suzuki–Miyaura Coupling Reactions

“…NH 2 -MPRNs were prepared following the previously reported procedure . In brief, m -nitrophenol and 37% aqueous formaldehyde were used to obtain resols.…”

An overview of metal-free sustainable nitrogen-based catalytic knoevenagel condensation reaction

“…Li et al fabricated the ordered mesoporous phenolic resin (MPR) with well-defined and rich primary 102 and explore its utilization for Knoevenagel condensation of aryl aldehydes and malononitrile and ethyl cyanoacetate in water (Scheme 25). 103 Although this protocol is environmentally friendly and avoids tedious workup procedures, the use of toxic reagents and long reaction time can be cited as its disadvantages.…”