Surfactant‐Templated Mesostructuring of Zeolites: From Discovery to Commercialization

Synthesis of nanostructured catalysts by surfactant-templating of large-pore zeolites

“…The role of this pretreatment is to create a sufficient number of defects in the zeolite structure, which would facilitate the formation of signicant mesoporosity in the acid-treated zeolite through subsequent surfactant-templating. In agreement with the literature, 33,36 the external surface area and the volume of mesopores both increase with increasing alkali or acid concentration, time or temperature of the treatment, while the micropore volume is largely conserved (see Table 2, Fig. S3 and S4 †).…”

“…25,35 Indeed, a detailed analysis of the connectivity between mesopores and micropores in the mesostructured faujasites conducted using both nitrogen and argon adsorption at different temperatures with hysteresis scanning has demonstrated the presence of interconnected intracrystalline meso-and micropores in these materials. 32,36 In agreement with the TEM data, MY-1 and MBEA-1 materials exhibit a signicant nitrogen uptake at relative pressures higher than 0.5 indicating the presence of larger mesopores as compared with MMOR-1 and ML-1. Table 2 summarises the Si/Al molar ratios and the N 2 physisorption results of the studied zeolites.…”

Synthesis, characterisation, and catalytic evaluation of hierarchical faujasite zeolites: milestones, challenges, and future directions

“…Moreover, the mesostructuring treatments were reproduced on a USY with a Si/Al = 15 using exactly similar and slightly different conditions as patented (Fig. 50,51 Remarkably, the approach to yield crystalline hierarchical X and Y zeolites and the properties of the resulting materials closely resemble those associated with previously-established strategies 23 (Fig. In a first reproduction, CTABr was omitted from the NH 4 OH solution.…”

“…Similarities between the porous properties of hierarchical X (a) and Y (b) zeolites prepared using different strategies. 2c) 50. (a) Comparison between the mesopore volumes (V meso ) or hierarchical X zeolites prepared by acid treatment (solid symbols, strategyFig.…”

Hierarchical Zeolites and their Catalytic Performance in Selective Oxidative Processes

“…[1] However, the microporous crystalline frameworks impose a series of inherent limitations, mostly related to diffusional constraints. [2][3][4][5] Recent efforts have focused on the development of mesoporosity in zeolites, which can widen the applicability of zeolites in reactions with bulky substrates. [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] Desilication by alkali treatment is a simple and extensively investigated approach to introduce mesoporosity.…”