Surfactants for particulate soil removal in dry-cleaning with high-pressure carbon dioxide

Roosmalen, M.J.E. van; Woerlee, G.F.; Witkamp, Geert‐Jan

doi:10.1016/s0896-8446(03)00115-3

Cited by 31 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…However, for Glu‐C12, the effect of cleaning was decreased when IPA was added. The results of this experiment have been reported in related literature (Roosmalen et al, ; van Roosmalen et al, ). It may be because, as the polarity of the system increases after adding IPA, the polar end of the surfactant particles extends into CO 2 .…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 83%

“…According to the amount of surfactant in the studies by Roosmalen et al () and van Roosmalen et al (), there were obvious surfactant residues on the fabrics after washing. In order to obtain a good washing effect and reduce the surfactant residues, the amount of surfactant was gradually reduced until no surfactant residue was observed and the distribution of the whiteness value was uniform.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…IPA is the most suitable cosolvent of the alcohols (van Roosmalen, Woerlee, & Witkamp, ). In the experiments, the amount of IPA was 6.5 μL, which was based on the ratio of surfactant, cosolvent, and liquid CO 2 in Roosmalen et al () and van Roosmalen et al (), and the other amounts remained unchanged. The results of the experiments with the addition of a cosolvent are shown in Figs.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Various commercially available nonionic surfactants have been investigated and have given worse or only slightly better results in CO 2 than CO 2 with water (Roosmalen, Woerlee, & Witkamp, ). However, Banerjee et al have proposed a surfactant formulation (Banerjee, Sutanto, Kleijn, & Stuart, ), consisting of TX‐45, n‐hexane, and water, to reduce the adhesion between the fabric and soil surfaces.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cleaning Efficiency of Amino‐Acid Surfactants with Polyoxyethylene Ether and Isopropanol in Liquid Carbon Dioxide

Wang

Wei

et al. 2018

J Surfact & Detergents

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Although anionic surfactants have a distinct positive influence on the removal of particulate soil, the removal of particulate soils is insufficient in CO2 compared to perchloroethylene. A series of amino‐acid surfactants was selected as main surfactants to study the influence of polyoxyethylene ether and cosolvent on the cleaning effect. Glu‐C12 and C16(3) gave the best cleaning results, which increased from a detergency value of 4.6 when no surfactants were used to 8.32 when surfactants were used. In all experiments, charged anionic surfactant particles were formed, which are responsible for the removal of particulate soil from fabric by electrostatic repulsion. The use of a cosolvent (Isopropanol [IPA]) had a positive effect on the removal of particulate soil when using Glu‐C12 and TX‐45. However, for other compounding combinations, the addition of IPA had a negative effect on particulate soil removal. Of the cosolvents investigated, IPA was the most suitable. With the polarity of the system increasing after adding IPA, the ethylene oxide groups of TX‐45 were partially extended to CO2. Through the steric effects of branched methyl groups, the cleaning effect was improved.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cleaning Efficiency of Amino‐Acid Surfactants with Polyoxyethylene Ether and Isopropanol in Liquid Carbon Dioxide

Wang

Wei

et al. 2018

J Surfact & Detergents

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“…The most commonly used is perchloroethylene (PER), which is suspected to be carcinogenic, whilst others use chlorinated fluorocarbons and hydrocarbons with increasing restrictions for use from an environmental perspective of emissions control. Therefore, there is an increasing interest in compressed carbon dioxide as a viable ecological alternative for these solvents (Van Roosmalen et al. 2004a,b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determining the disinfection of textiles in compressed carbon dioxide using various indicator microbes

Fijan

Škerget

Knez

et al. 2012

Journal of Applied Microbiology

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Aims: This paper presents a research on the disinfection efficiency of inoculated textile swatches by compressed carbon dioxide, an environmental friendly way to disinfect textiles as opposed to the conventional laundering procedures using water. The disinfection efficiency was determined by using the following microbes inoculated on cotton test fabrics: Enterococcus faecium, Enterobacter aerogenes and Candida albicans. Methods and Results: The experiments were performed using the high pressure extraction device with a maximum pressure of 50 MPa and a small extraction vessel of 500 ml. Pure CO2 and CO2 with added disinfection agent or commercial detergent were used. The chosen disinfecting agent was hydrogen peroxide, a widespread disinfecting chemical. It was found that treatment with CO2 for 25 min at 5 MPa and 40°C (313K) and the addition of 4 ml of specific detergent per litre of CO2 assures at least a five log step reduction of Enterobacter aerogenes and C. albicans, whilst treatment at 50°C (323K) with CO2 for 25 min at 5 MPa is sufficient for at least a five log step reduction for Enterococcus faecium. It was also found that a 15‐min CO2 treatment at 7 MPa and 20°C (293K) was sufficient for the inactivation of the yeast C. albicans, whilst these conditions were not rigorous enough for the challenge bacteria. On the other hand, the labscale treatment with CO2 for 25 min at pressure 4 and 6 MPa with the addition of detergent or hydrogen peroxide only yields a log step reduction of up to 4 log steps, thus proving the slightly disinfective properties of the CO2 treatment with added agents, but not reaching efficient results as a 5 log step reduction was not reached. Conclusions: Addition of heat to the compressed CO2 treatment of textiles inoculated with microorganisms proved more effective than the addition of detergent or disinfectant with compressed CO2 treatment at temperature of 20°C. Significance and Impact of the Study: CO2 treatment of textiles is a promising ecological alternative dry‐cleaning method for the disinfection of medical textiles.

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Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Cleaning: Relevance to Particle Removal

Kohli

2015

Particle Adhesion and Removal

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Surfactants for particulate soil removal in dry-cleaning with high-pressure carbon dioxide

Cited by 31 publications

References 17 publications

Cleaning Efficiency of Amino‐Acid Surfactants with Polyoxyethylene Ether and Isopropanol in Liquid Carbon Dioxide

Cleaning Efficiency of Amino‐Acid Surfactants with Polyoxyethylene Ether and Isopropanol in Liquid Carbon Dioxide

Determining the disinfection of textiles in compressed carbon dioxide using various indicator microbes

Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Cleaning: Relevance to Particle Removal

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