Surge voltages and currents into a customer due to nearby lightning

Ametani, Akihiro; Matsuoka, Kae; Omura, Hiroshi; Nagai, Yuya

doi:10.1016/j.epsr.2008.09.005

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Lightning current of 15 kA, the mean lightning current in Finland [24], was considered in this study. The positive polarity stroke with the standard lightning impulse characteristics of 1.2/50 µs [1] was represented using a single-stroke, Heidler-type [21] current source, with a parallel lightning channel surge impedance of 400 Ω [9,21]. It was assumed that, without the presence of the tree, there is no shielding, and the stroke will terminate directly at the line.…”

Section: Lightning Strokementioning

confidence: 99%

“…A number of disturbances of home appliances caused by the lightning have been reported in [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. A number of disturbances of home appliances caused by the lightning have been reported in [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Not only are lightning overvoltages studies important from the viewpoint of insulation coordination of distribution lines but also from the viewpoint of protecting customer equipment. A number of disturbances of home appliances caused by the lightning have been reported in [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. Inadequate protection of the transformers can lead to the damage of the equipment or the transfer of surges into the LV sides that connect the customers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modelling and evaluation of the lightning arc between a power line and a nearby tree

Omidiora

Elkalashy

Lehtonen

et al. 2011

Int Trans Elec Energy Syst

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SUMMARY This paper addresses the modification of the existing dynamic arc model for lightning arc simulation application. The modified dynamic arc model combines the static and the dynamic arc equations that are already established in the literature to reproduce an arc fault involving a lightning‐struck tree and a nearby power distribution line during rainfall. The results of experimental studies regarding arc creation between a tree and a nearby power line with artificial rainfall were obtained. A complete model of this phenomenon is reproduced using the electromagnetic transient program (ATP/EMTP) and the existing static and dynamic arc equations. The essential reason for modifying this model is graphically shown with a comparison of the dynamic arc and the modified dynamic arc models. The performance of the arc phenomenon was examined using a typical Finnish distribution network design. By means of simulation using the modified dynamic arc, developed within the ATP/EMTP software with its Transient Analysis Control System features, the lightning arc performance of the MV/LV network under the influence of nearby trees and the network characteristics is analyzed. It is expected that such a model can be included in the existing ATP/EMTP software packages for simulating power system transients. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Section: Lightning Strokementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modelling and evaluation of the lightning arc between a power line and a nearby tree

Omidiora

Elkalashy

Lehtonen

et al. 2011

Int Trans Elec Energy Syst

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“…There are well‐known formulas for the steady‐state resistance of horizontal and vertical electrodes derived by Sunde and Tagg, and a number of investigations have been carried out on the steady‐state resistance . However, there exist only a few studies on transient mutual coupling between vertical electrodes when a lightning current flows into an electrode …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are well-known formulas for the steady-state resistance of horizontal and vertical electrodes derived by Sunde and Tagg, and a number of investigations have been carried out on the steady-state resistance [4][5][6]. However, there exist only a few studies on transient mutual coupling between vertical electrodes when a lightning current flows into an electrode [3,7] This paper investigates the transient response of a vertical grounding electrode with particular reference to mutual coupling between vertical electrodes with the same radius, a length of x 1 and x 2 , and a separation distance y, based on experimental results and simulation results obtained by the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method [8][9][10][11]. Figure 1 illustrates the experimental setup for measuring transient voltages at the top of an electrode.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study of Mutual Coupling between Vertical Grounding Electrodes

Fujita

Ametani

Nakamura

et al. 2014

Electrical Engineering Japan

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SUMMARY This paper investigates the mutual grounding impedance between vertical grounding electrodes based on field measurements and FDTD simulations. In the case of vertical electrodes, the mutual impedance between the electrodes is almost completely independent of the electrode length, and thus the induced voltage is nearly constant as the electrode length becomes longer. This characteristic is different from that of an overhead conductor, where the electromagnetic‐induced voltage is proportional to the conductor length. The greater the separation distance between the electrodes, the smaller the induced voltage, as in the case of an overhead conductor. The propagation speed increases as the separation increases. It is found that the speed is not necessarily proportional to the inverse of the relative permittivity of the earth.

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Test circuit of impulse spark‐over voltage with different rates of rise for gas discharge tubes

Zhou

Wang

et al. 2016

IEEJ Transactions Elec Engng

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The impulse spark-over voltage of the gas discharge tube (GDT) is strongly related to the rate of rise (RoR) of the voltage. At present, due to the convenience of the test instrument, conventional impulse waveforms, such as 1.2/50 and 10/700 μs, are often adopted to conduct such kind of test for GDT. It has been found that these waveforms are able to generate valid waveforms only with limited RoRs and relatively narrow valid voltage ranges. This paper deals with a simple series RC circuit to test the GDT's impulse spark-over voltage using a ramp voltage, which is approached by an initial portion of a steeply rising voltage impulse whose normal peak value is several times the breakdown voltage of the GDT. The basic circuit theory is described, and the RoR of the output voltage is correlated with the circuit parameters. Moreover, the series RC circuit in this paper is found to be able to deliver a ramp voltage with more consistent RoR than an RLC circuit. The results in this paper provide some suggestions for the revision of relevant standards (e.g., ITU-T K.12 and IEC 61643-311). Circuit parameters for different RoRs ranging from 100 V/μs to 1 kV/ns are also established. (Non-member) received the B.Sc. degree in electrical engineering and automation and the Ph.D. degree from Wuhan University (WU), Wuhan, China, in 2008 and 2013, respectively. He then joined as a Postdoctoral Fellow with the School of Electrical Engineering, WU. He is currently a Visiting Scholar with Texas A&M University, TX, USA, on leave from WU. His research interests include lightning detection, lightning protection, and high-voltage technology. Xianqiang Li (Non-member) received the B.S. and M.S. degrees in from Wuhan University of Hydraulic and Electrical Engineering, Wuhan, China, in 1995 and 1998, respectively, and the Ph.D. degree from Wuhan University, Wuhan, in 2015, all in high voltage and insulation technology. His research interests include lightning protection and grounding technology, high-voltage insulation and measurement technology, and electromagnetic compatibility in power systems. Yadong Fan (Non-member) received the B.Sc. and M.Sc. degrees in automation from Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China, in 1991 and 1994, and the Ph.D. degree in high-voltage and insulation technology from Wuhan University (WU), Wuhan, in 2006. She is currently a Professor with the School of Electrical Engineering, WU. Her research interests include high-voltage insulation and measurement technology and engineering electromagnetic field and application. Jian Xue (Non-member) received the B.Sc. degree in electrical engineering from Wuhan University of Hydraulic and Electrical Engineering in 1989. He is now an Engineer with the High Voltage and Insulation laboratory, Wuhan University. His employment experience includes high-voltage testing and measurement. His major research interests include test and measuring instrumentation development, especially for surge-protective devices. S93IEEJ Trans 11(S1): S85-S93 (2016)

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Surge voltages and currents into a customer due to nearby lightning

Cited by 12 publications

References 7 publications

Modelling and evaluation of the lightning arc between a power line and a nearby tree

Modelling and evaluation of the lightning arc between a power line and a nearby tree

A Study of Mutual Coupling between Vertical Grounding Electrodes

Test circuit of impulse spark‐over voltage with different rates of rise for gas discharge tubes

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