BACKGROUNDVaricosity of lower limb is a common problem in agricultural country like Nepal. Doppler ultrasound is a standard investigation modality for confirmation of diagnosis, evaluation of severity and venous mapping to plan treatment. We aim to find out the epidemiology, common pattern of incompetance, severity assessment by doppler and assosciation of the important doppler variables with skin changes.
METHODOLOGYDoppler venous study was done in 56 patients from june 2013 to july 2014. Patients with deep vein thrombosis and peripheral arterial disease were excluded. Altogether 56 patients, 96 limbs were studied. Data was entered in preformed proforma. Doppler study was conducted by senior radiologist with linear probes. Data was entered in SPSS software version 16 and statistical significance was calculated using chi square test.
RESULTSBilateral limb involvement was seen in 40 patients and unilateral in 16 patuents only. Skin related changes were seen in 58 limbs. Saphenofemoral junction incometance was seen in 79(82.2%) limbs and was most common pattern of incompetance. Overall, superficial veins were involved in 88(91.7%) limbs and deep in 30(31.2%) limbs. Prolonged duration of varicosity(>9 year) (p=0.000), bilateral limb involvement(p=0.024), reflux in deep venous system(p=0.002), larger Greater Saphenous Vein (GSV) size(p=0.003), prolonged duration of reflux(p=0.000) and perforator incompetance(p=0.002) were associatedwith skin changes. GSV diameter more than 7 mm was associated with reflux significantly(P=0.002).
CONCLUSIONSuperficial vein incompetance is common pattern compared to deep venous system. Sapheno Femoral Junction (SFJ) incompetance is the commonnest pattern. Larger caliber of vein, prolonged duration of reflux, reflux in deep venous system and perforator insufficiency are significanty associated with skin changes.