Surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis and its dose appropriateness among paediatric patients in a Nigerian teaching hospital

Oshikoya, Kazeem Adeola; Ogunyinka, Ibrahim Abayomi; Adamaigbo, Comfort; Olowo-Okere, Ahmed

doi:10.1080/1120009x.2019.1615725

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…This was a cross-sectional, quantitative study that was conducted at the Departments of Pediatrics, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital (UDUTH), and Specialist Hospital (SH), Sokoto. Between them, these hospitals offer services to well over 1.7 million pediatric patients annually ( 34 ). The study commenced in August 2020 and was completed in seven months.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From the sampling frame of 1.7 million pediatric patients annually ( 34 ) and using 7 months (August 2020 and February 2021), 50% for daytime patient population and 35% febrile children presenting at any health facility in Nigeria ( 35 ); 173,542 pediatric febrile patients now became the study population but only 3,429 (2.0%) caregivers were approached with 2,400 consenting to participate in the study.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Determinants of caregiver's knowledge and practices regarding childhood fever management in a developing setting: a multi-centre cross-sectional assessment

Ogunyinka,

Oshikoya,

Yusuff

et al. 2023

Front. Pediatr.

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IntroductionFever is both a sign of various diseases (chief of which are infectious in nature) and an adverse effect of certain interventions (e.g. vaccines, drugs) in the pediatric population. It elicits anxiety among caregivers and healthcare professionals alike resulting in non-evidence based practices, adverse medication administration events, waste of scarce resources and overutilization of health facilities. The determinants of these practices among caregivers in the domiciliary contexts have not been well characterized in developing settings.MethodsWe assessed the knowledge and practices of childhood fever and their determinants among caregivers in domiciliary settings in Northern Nigeria using a 41-item questionnaire between August 2020 and February 2021.ResultsThe questionnaire is reliable (knowledge: Cronbach's Alpha = 0.689; practice: Cronbach's Alpha = 0.814) and collected data on a total of 2,400 caregiver-child pairs, who participated in the study. Over two-third (68.3%; 1,640) of the caregivers expressed fever phobic tendencies. Paracetamol was the most commonly used medication and constituted 31.3% of medication administration adverse events reported by the caregivers. Only one out of every six knowledgeable caregivers engaged in evidence-based home childhood fever management practices (7% vs. 41.6%) with being a primary caregiver [Knowledge: odd ratio (OR): 2.81, 95% CI: 0.38; 5.68; p value: 0.04; Practice: OR: 1.65, 95% CI: 0.09; 7.33; 0.02] and having a child/children aged ≤3 years (knowledge: OR: 7.03, 95% CI: 4.89; 9.67, p value: 0.003; practice OR: 3.11, 95% CI: 1.27; 8.59, 0.007) determining both the knowledge and practices of childhood fever management in a household.ConclusionsThe knowledge and practice of childhood fever management among caregivers were sub-optimal with being a primary caregiver and having a child/children aged ≤3 years being the significant determinants of each domain. These gaps underscore the dire need for targeted strategies aimed at improving childhood fever management by educating caregivers.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants of caregiver's knowledge and practices regarding childhood fever management in a developing setting: a multi-centre cross-sectional assessment

Ogunyinka,

Oshikoya,

Yusuff

et al. 2023

Front. Pediatr.

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“…Another study in the united arab emirates showed a compliance rate of 30.4% regarding international guidelines on dosage (66) while a study done in Sudan showed an overall compliance rate of 2.7% with international guidelines (70). In Nigeria, previous studies have shown compliance rates less than 50% (71, 72, 73,74).…”

Section: Challenges Regarding the Practice Of Surgical Antibiotic Pro...mentioning

confidence: 96%

A review of the practice of surgical antibiotic prophylaxis

Otaigbe

2023

Babcock Univ. Med. J.

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Background: Surgical Antibiotic Prophylaxis (SAP) is defined as the use of antibiotics to prevent infections at a surgical site. The appropriate use of SAP is an effective and efficient modality of preventing surgical site infections. Main body: The practice of SAP is however fraught with several challenges e.g., diverse opinions among surgeons regarding the duration of surgical prophylaxis, a dearth of institutional guidelines, and poor compliance with existing guidelines. Unfortunately, the inappropriate use of SAP results in adverse clinical (e.g., increased length of hospitalization, occurrence of surgical site infections, morbidity, etc.) and economic consequences (e.g., increased healthcare costs) in surgical patients. Conclusion: This review article discusses the practice of SAP and the challenges regarding SAP. Finally, some recommendations to overcome the challenges are discussed.

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“…Oshikoya et al stated that among the 303 surgical pediatric patients, 97.7% received surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis and complete compliance was poor (5.6%) and that timing, redosing, and duration of antimicrobial use were the most violated [22]. Gil et al found that the overall compliance to antibiotic prophylaxis protocol in breast surgery was very high and the low rate of non-compliance was caused mainly due to the inappropriate timing and inappropriate choice of antibiotic [23].…”

Section: Appropriateness Of Surgical Prophylaxismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tiri et al reported that out of 2059 elective surgical procedures, the dose was appropriate with a rate of 69.7% and that the choice of antibiotic was appropriate with a rate of 78.4% [40]. In addition, Oshikoya et al stated that most antimicrobials used by pediatric patients were underdosed (44.5%) or overdosed (31.5%) [22]. Toba et al also stated that due to the inappropriate antibiotic dose it is important to follow the dosing regimens according to the guidelines because this would be useful to reduce the complications associated with antibiotics, reduce antibiotic medicine costs and prevent resistant bacteria [60].…”

Section: Inappropriate Selection and Dosingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of the Appropriateness of Surgical Antimicrobial Prophylaxis

Ahmed

Almalki

Haseeb

et al. 2021

JPRI

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Aim: This review aims to describe the appropriateness of surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis during the last decade. Methodology: The review included a searching web of science for articles focused on “the appropriateness of surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis”. The searching process was conducted on 29 Nov 2020 and included original articles so the review articles were excluded. Results: The review included 57 articles; 38 articles were published after 2015 and the rest before 2015. Most of the articles that were included in the review showed a high rate of inappropriate surgical prophylaxis and showed inappropriate duration and time of the antibiotics used. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the rate of surgical prophylaxis inappropriateness was high and the main cause for this result was inappropriate timing and duration. Numerous interventions including educational interventions such as one-time seminars and online e-learning modules are needed to improve the adherence to the guidelines.

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Surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis and its dose appropriateness among paediatric patients in a Nigerian teaching hospital

Cited by 10 publications

References 32 publications

Determinants of caregiver's knowledge and practices regarding childhood fever management in a developing setting: a multi-centre cross-sectional assessment

Determinants of caregiver's knowledge and practices regarding childhood fever management in a developing setting: a multi-centre cross-sectional assessment

A review of the practice of surgical antibiotic prophylaxis

Review of the Appropriateness of Surgical Antimicrobial Prophylaxis

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