Surgical application of an implantable biliary access device in the treatment of refractory recurrent cholangiolithiasis

Mao, Wei; Guo, SiXuan; Ye, Deqiang; Cao, Yong; Jiang, Xinhua; Huang, Yihua; Yuan, Hang; Jiao, Leiming

doi:10.21037/qims-22-922

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

References 51 publications

(57 reference statements)

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“…VAPs have been utilized in human medicine for over 40 years [5] and have been increasingly used in veterinary medical applications across a variety of species in both research and clinical settings to realize similar benefits of improved care and welfare when frequent or long-term vascular access is required. Herein we focus on the use of VAPs for achieving central vascular access; however, ports have also demonstrated important value for providing reliable access to other medically relevant fluids and systems, including bile, cerebrospinal fluid, and organs [6][7][8][9][10][11][12], which further highlights their utility and application in animals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indwelling Vascular Access Ports: Application, Advantages, and Management in Nonhuman Primates

Oppler,

Leishman,

Graham

2023

Surgeries

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Animals in the veterinary and experimental settings, including nonhuman primates (NHPs), often require repeated and prolonged vascular access for indications including blood sampling or administration of fluids, blood products, medication, or other therapies. A vascular access approach should be tailored to experimental or clinical use meeting the needs of the individual animal such that benefits outweigh risks. The optimal device and placement technique is based on the inherent advantages and disadvantages of specific anatomic sites and planned use. Totally implanted vascular access ports (VAPs) enable reliable central venous access for frequent sample collection and/or intravenous therapies. VAPs minimize discomfort with IV access to facilitate cooperation with handling and minimize stress-induced physiologic changes which can confound biologic data and drug responses. VAPs do not limit species-typical behavior and social group activities and are compatible with animal enrichment programs that include play and swim because there are no externalized components. VAPs are typically used long-term and demonstrate excellent durability with high patency and low complication rates over time, presenting a safe and dependable vascular access approach.

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