Surgical construction of a novel simulated carotid siphon in dogs

Tan, Hua-Qiao; Li, Minghua; Zhang, Donghui; Fang, Cong; Wu, Chun-Geng; Cheng, Ying-Sheng; Wang, Jue; Xie, Jin; Zhang, He

doi:10.3171/jns.2008.109.12.1173

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The great incidence of aneurysms in the siphons with closed angles is probably a consequence of strong hemodynamic References stress, which would make patients more prone to develop PcomA aneurysms with a high chance of rupture 22 . Any unruptured aneurysm must have individualized treatment that considers, in addition to its size, the general medical conditions of the patients, age and life perspectives 23 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carotid siphon geometry and variants of the circle of Willis in the origin of carotid aneurysms

Neto

Câmara

Valênça

2012

Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr.

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This study evaluated anatomical variants in the carotid siphon and of the circle of Willis in patients with aneurysms. We performed a retrospective analysis of cerebral angiographies. The Control Group was composed of patients without aneurysms. Posterior communicating artery (PcomA) aneurysms were more common in women (p<0.05), and the anterior communicating artery (AcomA) aneurysms in men (p<0.1). The incidence of fetal-type PcomA was higher in cases with co-occurring PcomA aneurysm (24 versus 8%, p<0.05). Patients with AcomA aneurysm had higher incidence of A1 hypoplasia (p<0.0001, OR=32.13, 95%CI 12.95-79.71) and lower frequency of fetal-type PcomA compared to their control counterparts (p=0.0125). The angle of carotid siphon was narrower in patients with PcomA aneurysm (27.3±19.1 versus 34.8±22.6, p=0.028). In conclusion, a narrower carotid siphon or the presence of fetal-type PcomA or A1 hypoplasia may cause hemodynamic stress, thereby promoting the formation of aneurysms in susceptible individuals.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carotid siphon geometry and variants of the circle of Willis in the origin of carotid aneurysms

Neto

Câmara

Valênça

2012

Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr.

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“…1 Others have used crooked devices in their siphon models. 2 These devices contained only 1 bend; thus, they were still significantly different from the human ICA.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The reported models of the carotid siphon only roughly simulate the geometry and are different from the real human ICA. 1,2 Rapid prototyping (RP) manufacturing technology has been applied in medicine since 1990. 3 At present, RP technology has been widely used in neurosurgery, oral and maxillofacial surgery, orthopedics, and tissue engineering.…”

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confidence: 99%

Establishment of an Experimental Intracranial Internal Carotid Artery Model and the Application in Covered-Stent Navigability Testing

Xie¹,

Li²,

Tan³

et al. 2009

AJNR Am J Neuroradiol

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“…Some researchers have described complex vascular surgical maneuvers like encasement of the canine CCA in carotid siphon replicas. 2,3 Also methods for generating tortuosity have been described by surgical interposition of the Dacron vascular graft (E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Company, Wilmington, Delaware) between the common trunk and the CCA, creating a vascular redundancy, which can be positioned and sutured in place to create tortuosity simulating the siphon.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Porcine Brachial Artery Tortuosity for In Vivo Evaluation of Neuroendovascular Devices

Carniato

Mehra

King

et al. 2011

AJNR Am J Neuroradiol

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SUMMARY:We report a novel model of arterial tortuosity in the porcine brachial artery for testing of endovascular devices in the flexed forelimb position. This provides an ideal vascular territory for an in vivo assessment of guidewires, microcatheters, and endovascular implants because it closely mimics the challenging curvature at the carotid siphon.ABBREVIATIONS AC ϭ average curvature; 3DRA ϭ 3D rotational angiography; CCA ϭ common carotid artery A dvances in interventional neuroradiology are reshaping the treatment paradigms and have facilitated the development of a wide array of endoluminal techniques for vascular lesions that were earlier only approachable neurosurgically. The ICA siphon is extremely relevant for intracranial access, because its tortuosity and bony encasement can be a significant impediment for guidewires and microcatheters to gain intracranial access and may also preclude the delivery of devices like intracranial stents.As newer devices are developed, they are first evaluated in vitro and in cadaveric models. Although indispensible, these can only assess the mechanical and structural responses. For a realistic simulation of the critical vessel viscoelastic and physiologic responses, an in vivo assessment of endovascular devices is crucial. We describe a porcine brachial artery tortuosity model to provide a challenging vascular territory for endovascular device testing. TECHNIQUEThree Yorkshire swine (male; mean weight, 47 kg) were used for the purposes of our study. All procedures were conducted in accordance with the protocol approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of University of Massachusetts Medical School. The animals were premedicated with glycopyrrolate (0.01 mg/kg). Anesthesia was induced by an intramuscular injection of tiletamine (Telazol, 5 mg/kg), ketamine (2.5 mg/kg), and xylazine (2.5 mg/kg) and maintained with mechanical ventilation of oxygen containing 1%-3% isoflurane. Continuous monitoring of the heart rate, respiration, oxygen saturation level (pulse oximetry), end-tidal carbon dioxide, and temperature allowed real-time assessment of the physiologic status of the animal. A 6F hemostatic introducer was placed in the right femoral artery by using a modified Seldinger technique following a cut-down. The introducer was secured in place, with the distal aspect of the femoral artery ligated. A 6F catheter was then advanced over the guidewire under x-ray fluoroscopy. Animal PositioningSelective intra-arterial digital subtraction angiography of the right and left subclavian arteries was performed in both the extended and the flexed forelimb position of the swine by using table restrainers, as illustrated in Fig 1A, -B. The guide catheter was selectively positioned in the brachial branch of the subclavian artery. A selective intra-arterial injection of the contrast agent (Iopamidol, Isovue; Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, New Jersey) was administered with a power injector at an injection rate of 2.5 mL/s for 11.2 seconds with a 7-second delay to acquire a 3...

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Surgical construction of a novel simulated carotid siphon in dogs

Abstract: Surgical construction of an in vivo carotid siphon model in dogs with carotid siphon-shaped devices is feasible and potentially useful for testing neurovascular devices.

Cited by 11 publications

References 11 publications

Carotid siphon geometry and variants of the circle of Willis in the origin of carotid aneurysms

Carotid siphon geometry and variants of the circle of Willis in the origin of carotid aneurysms

Establishment of an Experimental Intracranial Internal Carotid Artery Model and the Application in Covered-Stent Navigability Testing

Porcine Brachial Artery Tortuosity for In Vivo Evaluation of Neuroendovascular Devices

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