Surgical Implications of Retroaortic Left Renal Vein

Thomas, Thomas V.

doi:10.1001/archsurg.1970.01340240076016

Cited by 53 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…1 The location and anatomy of the renovascular pedicle is of great value during surgical procedures on the abdominal aorta, superior mesenteric and renal arteries, splenorenal and mesorenal shunts, inferior vena caval interruption, sympathectomy, nephrectomy, and during operations on the renal pelvis. 2 Atypical levels of drainage and anatomical variations of the renal veins are also vital in the selection of donors for renal transplantation and venin assays by inferior vena caval catheterization in diagnosis of patients with renovascular hypertension. 2 We present the retro-aortic oblique course of the left renal vein and discuss its clinical importance in this report.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 Atypical levels of drainage and anatomical variations of the renal veins are also vital in the selection of donors for renal transplantation and venin assays by inferior vena caval catheterization in diagnosis of patients with renovascular hypertension. 2 We present the retro-aortic oblique course of the left renal vein and discuss its clinical importance in this report.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oblique Retro-Aortic Left Renal Vein and its Clinical Importance

Bhagavath

Nayak

Monteiro

et al. 2017

Kathmandu Univ. Med. J.

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Kidneys are the organs that remove the waste products of the metabolic activities. A smooth blood flow to the kidneys is essential to maintain their function. Abnormalities of the renal vasculature may result not only in impairing the renal function but can lead to conditions like varicocele. During an autopsy of an adult male, we observed renal vascular variations. The left renal vein had a retro-aortic course before its termination into the inferior vena cava. It was joined with the inferior vena cava at the level of inferior mesenteric artery with an acute angle. The left testicular vein joined the left renal vein with an acute angle. The right kidney was supplied by two renal arteries. The knowledge about retro-aortic course of the left renal vein may be important during renal transplantation. The oblique course of left renal vein and the termination of left testicular vein into it with an acute angle may increase the chances of left sided varicocele.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oblique Retro-Aortic Left Renal Vein and its Clinical Importance

Bhagavath

Nayak

Monteiro

et al. 2017

Kathmandu Univ. Med. J.

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“…Because of its anatomical location, the retroaortic left renal vein, and anomalous left renal vein coursing behind the abdominal aorta, has received a clinical attention for the surgical retroperitoneal operations and the misinterpretation of clinical diagnosis (Thomas, 1970;Brener et aL , 1974;Moul et al, 1992) as well as the rise in internal pressure of the left renal vein. This anomaly has been detectable by clinicians using computerized tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasound examination, and thus, reported recently in many clinical cases (Hoeltl et al, 1990;Moul et al, 1992).…”

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confidence: 99%

An Anatomical Study of the Retroaortic Left Renal Vein

Yoshinaga

Kawai

Kodama

2000

Okajimas Folia Anatomica Japonica

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Summary:Retroaortic left renal vein was found in a 55-year-old male cadaver during a student course anatomical dissection. This anomaly coursed dorsal to the abdominal aorta and opened into the inferior vena cava at the upper level of the 3rd lumbar vertebra.This retroaortic left renal vein connected directly to the azygos vein system and the 3rd lumbar vein. It also received the posterior suprarenal and posterior inferior phrenic veins.Because of its anatomical location, the retroaortic left renal vein, and anomalous left renal vein coursing behind the abdominal aorta, has received a clinical attention for the surgical retroperitoneal operations and the misinterpretation of clinical diagnosis (Thomas, 1970;Brener et aL , 1974;Moul et al., 1992) as well as the rise in internal pressure of the left renal vein. This anomaly has been detectable by clinicians using computerized tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasound examination, and thus, reported recently in many clinical cases (Hoeltl et al., 1990;Moul et al., 1992). Since the development of the retroperitoneal veins including the left renal vein is highly complex (McClure and Butler, 1925), a full understanding of the regional anatomy of this anomaly and its related veins is imperative not only for surgical operations but also for the knowledge of the venous morphogenesis. However, the retroaortic left renal vein has been described in detail by only 3 dissected cases in the anatomical literature (Kitamura et al., 1979;Izumiyama and Horiguchi, 1997).Recently, we have found the retroaortic left renal vein during a student course dissection. Since this anomaly is not only rare case but also is seemed to be significant for understanding the development of the retroperitoneal venous system, we report here a detailed anatomy of this anomaly and its related vessels, and discuss its anatomical and embryological significance. Materials and MethodsA total of 203 Japanese bodies were dissected in the anatomical practice during a period of 1993 through 1999 at the Kumamoto University School of Medicine. In this period, an anomalous left renal vein was found in the cadaver of a 55-year-old Japanese male who died from cancer of the rectum. This anomaly and its related vessels in the retroperitoneal cavity were carefully examined, and the findings were recorded by line drawings and photographs. ObservationsA single left renal vein emerging from the renal hilum at the middle level of the 2nd lumbar vertebra ran horizontally for a distance of 25 mm, then course obliquely caudal and dorsal to the abdominal aorta, and finally opened into the left margin of the inferior vena cava (IVC) at the upper level of the 3rd lumbar vertebra (Figs. 1, 2). This opening was 40 mm distal to the caudal side of the opening for the right renal vein and 22 mm in diameter, while the diameter of the IVC was 25 mm. The

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“…The risk of venous injury is particularly high in cases of ruptured AAA because the border between the dorsal side of the abdominal aorta and the RLRV may be obscured by retroperitoneal hematoma. Techniques to reduce the risk of venous injury were previously reported [1][2][3][4][5]. Encircling of the aorta with a tape is not usually necessary.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ruptured Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm in A Patient with A Retroaortic Left Renal Vein

Zaima¹

2014

Angiol

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Retroaortic left renal vein is rare but life-threatening in abdominal aortic surgery. The risk of venous injury is especially high during surgery for a ruptured Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA). We report a case of ruptured AAA in an 84-year-old woman. Careful evaluation of the preoperative contrast-enhanced Computed Tomography (CT) images showed a retroaortic left renal vein and triple left renal arteries. The patient underwent successful surgical repair. Even in cases of ruptured AAA, preoperative contrast-enhanced CT should be performed to search for venous and arterial anomalies and reduce the risk of fatal bleeding when vital condition is not critical.

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Surgical Implications of Retroaortic Left Renal Vein

Cited by 53 publications

References 5 publications

Oblique Retro-Aortic Left Renal Vein and its Clinical Importance

Oblique Retro-Aortic Left Renal Vein and its Clinical Importance

An Anatomical Study of the Retroaortic Left Renal Vein

Ruptured Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm in A Patient with A Retroaortic Left Renal Vein

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