Surgical management of a canine intracranial abscess due to a bite wound

A young Magyar vizsla dog was presented with seizures and progressive neurological deterioration in terms of symmetric prosencephalic signs despite induction of antiepileptic therapy. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis and MRI findings were suggestive of an inflammatory process. This finding was confirmed at postmortem examination and a plant foreign body penetrating the cerebrum was found. Migrating plant material is an uncommon cause of inflammation in the CNS in dogs. It should be considered an aetiological differential diagnosis in dogs with inflammatory CSF and worsening neurological status.

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“…Successful surgical management of a brain abscess in the forebrain has been described in a dog (Bilderback and Faissler 2009). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Foreign body‐induced meningoencephalitis causing seizures in a dog

Lazzerini

Erickson

Mundhenk

et al. 2016

Vet Record Case Reports

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“…Surgical treatment has been reported in one dog and eight cats, each with a brain abscess suspected to be caused by a bite wound received within 14 days of presentation [1][2][3]. In contrast, this report describes the surgical treatment of a dog with a chronic, mature brain abscess.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…CT and MRI characteristics of brain abscesses have been described in humans and domestic animals [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. The MR appearance of the abscess in this case is typical of a mature brain abscess, including pockets of T2-hyperintense material surrounded by a T2-hypointense rim, large amounts of vasogenic edema, and strong peripheral contrast enhancement [7][8][9].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surgical Treatment of a Chronic Brain Abscess and Growing Skull Fracture in a Dog

Hodshon

Narak

Craig

et al. 2015

Case Reports in Veterinary Medicine

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A 2-year-old female spayed Miniature Dachshund was presented for seizures and right prosencephalic signs. A multiloculated, ring-enhancing mass in the right cerebrum associated with dilation of the right lateral ventricle and brain herniation was seen on magnetic resonance imaging. An irregular calvarial defect with smoothly scalloped edges was seen overlying the mass on computed tomography. The mass was removed via craniectomy and was diagnosed as a chronic brain abscess caused by Peptostreptococcus anaerobius. The patient was maintained on antibiotics for 12 weeks. Follow-up MRI performed 14 weeks after surgery confirmed complete removal of the abscess as well as a contrast-enhancing collection of extra-axial material consistent with a chronic subdural hematoma. The neurologic abnormalities, including seizures, have improved in the 44 months since surgery. Brain abscesses in dogs can have an insidious clinical course prior to causing serious neurologic deterioration. Ventricular entrapment by an intracranial mass can contribute to acute neurologic decline. If surgically accessible, outcome following removal of a brain abscess can be excellent; aerobic and anaerobic bacterial culture should be performed in these cases. Subdural hematoma can occur following removal of a large intracranial mass. Growing skull fractures can occur in dogs but may not require specific surgical considerations.

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“…Infection of the CNS may occur by direct penetration (e.g. surgery, trauma, migrating plant material) (Dennis and others 2005, Mateoand others 2007, Bilderback and Faissler 2009), local extension (e.g. otogenic) (Spangler and Dewey 2000, Espino and others 2006, Sturges and others 2006) or haematogenous spread (Heavner and Pierce 1976, Dow and others 1988, Smith and others 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recommendations on management of bacterial meningitis are anecdotal in veterinary medicine but in humans, medical therapy combined with surgical intervention is considered standard of care (Hakan and others 2006, Lu and others 2006, Akhaddar and others 2014). Successful surgical management of a brain abscess secondary to a bite wound in a dog has been reported (Bilderback and Faissler 2009) and Sturges and others (2006) reported a good-to-excellent long-term outcome in three dogs with otogenic intracranial infections treated with surgical exploration and ventral bulla osteotomy followed by oral antibiotics. Descriptions of intracranial subdural empyema in small animals are limited to six reports in cats (Dow and others 1988, Klopp and others 2000, Barrs and others 2007) and only two reports in dogs (Dow and others 1988, Horikawa and others 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial meningitis and subdural empyema caused by Actinomyces canis in a dog

Mickelson¹,

Olby²,

Schwartz³

2015

Vet Record Case Reports

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Actinomyces canis, a Gram-positive facultative anaerobe, was identified as the cause of subdural empyema in a two-year-old labrador retriever. The dog was initially treated for conjunctivitis and a week later presented for progressive neurologic abnormalities. Thoracic radiographs showed pulmonary nodules and MRI of the head was suggestive of right retrobulbar cellulitis and presumably consequential, subdural empyema and meningoencephalitis associated with caudal transtentorial herniation. A craniectomy was performed and the aetiologic diagnosis was confirmed by anaerobic bacterial culture. The dog made a complete recovery, including resolution of pulmonary nodules, with surgical decompression and antibiotic treatment.

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Surgical management of a canine intracranial abscess due to a bite wound

Cited by 21 publications

References 23 publications

Foreign body‐induced meningoencephalitis causing seizures in a dog

Foreign body‐induced meningoencephalitis causing seizures in a dog

Surgical Treatment of a Chronic Brain Abscess and Growing Skull Fracture in a Dog

Bacterial meningitis and subdural empyema caused by Actinomyces canis in a dog

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