Surgical outcomes and factors associated with postoperative complications of colorectal cancer in a Colombian Caribbean population: Results from a regional referral hospital

Abstract

Introduction Colorectal cancer is the most common malignant neoplasm of the gastrointestinal tract. Its incidence and mortality vary markedly at a global level. Assessing the epidemiological behavior of this condition allows reevaluating diagnostic, therapeutic and prognostic options, based on new findings. In Colombia, few studies have correlated variables associated with surgical and oncological outcomes in this type of cancer. Then, the aim of this study was to evaluate the surgical outcomes and factors associated with postoperative complications of colorectal cancer in a Colombian Caribbean Population. Methods Retrospective cross‐sectional study, including patients with a histopathological diagnosis of colorectal cancer who underwent open or laparoscopic surgery, during a period of two years (2018–2020), from a regional referral hospital. Clinical history variables were collected. Frequencies and prevalence ratios were calculated. Results A total of 84 patients were finally included. Adenocarcinoma of non‐special type with advanced clinical stages was the most prevalent (72.6%). Rectal neoplasia (45.2%) was the most frequent anatomical subsite, followed by proximal colon (p = 0.026). The anatomical subsite of the neoplasm, intraoperative complication (PR 1.38; 95% CI, 1.21–1.59, p = 0.001) and intensive care stay (PR 1.062; 95% CI, 1.01–1.12, p = 0.048) were associated with postoperative outcome. Conclusions The anatomical subsite of the neoplasm location, the presence of intraoperative complications and the stay in intensive care may be associated with the surgical and oncological outcome of individuals with colon cancer from the Colombian Caribbean region.

High OCT4 Expression Might Be Associated with an Aggressive Phenotype in Rectal Cancer

“…Embryonic stem cells express diverse proteins, including the octamer-binding protein 4 (OCT4), an oncofetal protein that plays a significant role in self-renewal and pluripotency [30]. Recent evidence shows increasing numbers of early-onset RC [31], as well as a high frequency of RC among individuals diagnosed with CRC in the Colombian Caribbean region, as we have previously reported [32]. Therefore, it is pertinent to have more knowledge of the development of this disease to provide new therapeutic targets that allow better management of patients.…”

CEA-delta could be a biomarker of tumor phenotype, clinical stage, and chemotherapeutic response in rectal cancer with OCT4-positive cancer stem cells

“…Rectal cancer (RC) specifically represents a more aggressive subtype of CRC, characterized by rapid progression and an unfavorable phenotype compared to other colon locations (10)(11)(12). Genetic intratumour heterogeneity (gITH) underlies this phenomenon, resulting from the interplay between genetic and epigenetic variations (tumor biology) and transcriptional plasticity (13).…”

Cambio rutinario de instrumental y guantes quirúrgicos en cirugía abdominal: ¿cuál es el impacto sobre el riesgo de infección?

“…(15,16) Considerando que, de ser así, esta sería una medida costo-efectiva y de fácil implementación, es necesario analizar a profundidad y proveer evidencia útil para la discusión clínica y académica. Teniendo en cuenta que, en habla hispana existe muy poca evidencia sobre este tópico, (17,18) especialmente en Latinoamericana, el objetivo de esta revisión consiste en analizar la evidencia más actualizada sobre el cambio rutinario de instrumental y guantes quirúrgicos en cirugía abdominal, y su impacto en el riesgo de infecciones.…”