Surgical Outcomes and Factors Related to Their Success of Infantile Esotropia in a Tertiary Hospital: A Retrospective Study

Abstract

Purpose This study aims to evaluate the outcomes of surgical intervention for infantile esotropia at a tertiary care hospital. Patients and Methods Medical records of patients with esotropia who underwent surgical correction at our tertiary hospital between January 2013 and June 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. Patient demographics, preoperative and postoperative ocular alignment, surgical techniques employed, complications or reoperations, and factors related to successful surgery were analyzed. Results The study included 77 participants with an average age of 9.54 ± 10.87 years at the time of surgery. Postoperatively, 71.4% (55/77) patients achieved successful alignment, which was defined as an ocular deviation of ≤10 prism diopters (PD), at the final follow-up. The average follow-up period was 12 months, during which no complications were noted. Reoperation was required in 15.6% (12/77) patients. Multivariate logistic regression revealed that having a smaller preoperative deviation of <50 PD positively influenced the success of strabismus surgery (adjusted odds ratio, 7.13; 95% CI, 2.04–24.86). Conclusion The surgical correction of infantile esotropia in a tertiary care setting yielded favorable alignment outcomes in most cases, with no complications and a low reoperation rate. A preoperative angle of <50 PD emerged as a prognostic factor for successful surgical outcomes in this population. Further studies with longer follow-up periods are recommended to evaluate the long-term stability of these outcomes and identify additional influencing factors.