Surgical Site Infections and Associated Operative Characteristics

Waltz, Paul; Zuckerbraun, Brian S.

doi:10.1089/sur.2017.062

Cited by 58 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…As it has been well‐established, surgical wound infections are the most common type of complications in the postoperative period . Surgical wounds are classified clean, clean‐contaminated, contaminated, infected, or dirty, and the surgical site infection (SSI) rate was 2.1%, 3.3%, 6.4%, and 7.1%, respectively . Wound infections adversely affect wound healing …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial effects of local anaesthetics

Kesici

Demırci

Kesi̇ci̇

2019

International Wound Journal

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After the introduction of cocaine to the medical practice, local anaesthetics (LA) became essential in pain control. LA infiltration along the incision may be used to provide surgical anaesthesia or postoperative analgesia. This study aimed to compare the antimicrobial effects of the topical antimicrobial agent mupirocine with those of the LA lidocaine and the combination of lidocaine and adrenalin. In our study, the in vitro antimicrobial effects of 1 mL sterile saline, 20 mg/mL mupirocine, 20 mg/mL Lidocaine, and 20 mg/mL Lidocaine and Adrenaline were tested against Staphylococcus aureus American type culture collection (ATCC) 29213, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, and Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 as Group C (Control), Group M (Mupirocine), Group L (Lidocaine), and Group LA (Lidocaine + adrenaline), respectively. S aureus ATCC 29213, P aeruginosa ATCC 27853, and E coli ATCC 25922 were cultured onto Mueller–Hinton agar (Oxoid, UK) plates for 18 to 24 hours at 37°C. Colonies from these plates were suspended in sterile saline and a 0.5 McFarland turbidity standard suspension (corresponding to 1.5 × 108 CFU/mL) of each isolate was prepared. S Aureus ATCC 29213 inhibition zone diameter values of Group M, Group LA, and Group L were significantly higher compared with the group C (P ˂ 0.05). P aeruginosa ATCC 27853 inhibition zone diameter values of Group M and Group LA were significantly higher compared with the group C (P ˂ 0.05). E coli ATCC 25922 inhibition zone diameter values of Group M, Group LA, and Group L were significantly higher compared to the group C (P ˂ 0.05). LA infiltration along the incision may be used to provide surgical anaesthesia or postoperative analgesia. Considering that LAs show antimicrobial effects besides their analgesic effects, they may contribute to preventing the development and reducing the rate of surgical infections, decreasing the requirement to administer antibiotics. However, caution should be exercised not to antagonise the effective treatment of surgical infections, remembering that controversy on the antimicrobial effects of LAs remains in the literature. Therefore, further comprehensive studies with larger patient populations are warranted to demonstrate the antimicrobial effects of LAs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial effects of local anaesthetics

Kesici

Demırci

Kesi̇ci̇

2019

International Wound Journal

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“…80,81 Despite all efforts, SSI contributes to mortality in 75% of cases. 82,83 Emergency wound care for acute wounds has relevance in combat settings and preparedness against natural disasters, terrorist attacks, and other such events that result in acute injuries. Survivors of bombings are primarily impacted at the soft tissue and musculoskeletal system level.…”

Section: Acute Woundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Wounds and Its Burden: An Updated Compendium of Estimates

Sen

2019

Advances in Wound Care

790

559

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A 2018 retrospective analysis of Medicare beneficiaries identified that *8.2 million people had wounds with or without infections. Medicare cost estimates for acute and chronic wound treatments ranged from $28.1 billion to $96.8 billion. Highest expenses were for surgical wounds followed by diabetic foot ulcers, with a higher trend toward costs associated with outpatient wound care compared with inpatient. Increasing costs of health care, an aging population, recognition of difficult-to-treat infection threats such as biofilms, and the continued threat of diabetes and obesity worldwide make chronic wounds a substantial clinical, social, and economic challenge. Recent Advances: Chronic wounds are not a problem in an otherwise healthy population. Underlying conditions ranging from malnutrition, to stress, to metabolic syndrome, predispose patients to chronic, nonhealing wounds. From an economic point of view, the annual wound care products market is expected to reach $15-22 billion by 2024. The National Institutes of Health's (NIH) Research Portfolio Online Reporting Tool (RePORT) now lists wounds as a category. Future Directions: A continued rise in the economic, clinical, and social impact of wounds warrants a more structured approach and proportionate investment in wound care, education, and related research.

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“…Furthermore, SSIs are a leading cause of hospital readmissions. The 30‐day readmission rate for patients with an SSI is 51.94 versus 8.19 readmissions per 100 procedures (odds ratio, 12.12; 95% CI; P < .001), and the risk of mortality also increases 2‐ to 11‐fold …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Perioperative Strategies for Surgical Site Infection Prevention

Bashaw¹

2018

AORN Journal

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To provide the learner with knowledge of best practices related to perioperative strategies for surgical site infection (SSI) prevention. OBJECTIVES1. Identify contributing patient factors related to SSI development. 2. Identify contributing procedural factors related to SSI development. 3. Describe perioperative best practices to help decrease the incidence of SSIs. 4. Describe two types of skin antiseptic agents that may be used for perioperative skin preparation. ACCREDITATIONAORN is accredited with distinction as a provider of continuing nursing education by the American Nurses Credentialing Center's Commission on Accreditation.ABSTRACT Surgical site infections (SSIs) are some of the most common and costly health care-associated infections. Although the rate of SSIs has declined significantly in the past decade, patient safety remains at risk. Perioperative nurses employ a variety of evidence-based best practices to prevent SSIs and facilitate a safe surgical experience for their patients, including hand hygiene, preoperative patient skin antisepsis, and antimicrobial irrigation. This article explores the causes of SSIs, such as modifiable and nonmodifiable patient factors and preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative procedural factors, and discusses some of the specific recommended strategies related to the prevention of SSIs that perioperative nurses can initiate in their workplace.

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Surgical Site Infections and Associated Operative Characteristics

Cited by 58 publications

References 26 publications

Antimicrobial effects of local anaesthetics

Antimicrobial effects of local anaesthetics

Human Wounds and Its Burden: An Updated Compendium of Estimates

Perioperative Strategies for Surgical Site Infection Prevention

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