Surgical time and severity of postoperative pain in dogs undergoing laparoscopic ovariectomy with one, two, or three instrument cannulas

Abstract

Results suggested that laparoscopic ovariectomy with 2 instrument cannulas, rather than with 1, resulted in shorter surgical times without increasing severity of postoperative pain.

The Association of Shelter Veterinarians’ 2016 Veterinary Medical Care Guidelines for Spay-Neuter Programs

“…221 Ovariohysterectomy and ovariectomy-There are many acceptable variations of the surgical procedures that can be used to sterilize female cats and dogs. 16,46,[197][198][199][200][201][202][203][204][205][206][207][208][209]211,212,[222][223][224][225] The particular surgical procedure and its details, including the length and location of the surgical incision and ligation techniques, will vary depending on the program, the veterinarian's preferences, and the individual patient's needs. In all cases, complete removal of both ovaries is required.…”

Two-Portal Access Laparoscopic Ovariectomy Using Ligasure Atlas in Exotic Companion Mammals

“…Interestingly, surgical time was not significantly different with the use of 2 or 3 cannulae (approximately 19 minutes total surgical time), and complication rates were not significantly different among the groups. 1 Conversely, a study comparing laparoscopic ovariectomy in dogs using a single or 2-portal technique showed no significant difference in total surgical time (approximately 20 minutes) between the 2 techniques. Factors significantly affecting surgical time included body condition score, ovarian ligament fat score, ovarian bleeding, and surgeon expertize.…”

“…6 In addition, in human and veterinary surgery, there has been interest in reducing the number and size of portals in endosurgery, in an attempt to reduce postoperative pain. 1,2,7 In a comparative study in dogs undergoing laparoscopic ovariectomy, the use of 2 cannulae significantly lower the postoperative pain score when compared with the use of 1 cannula or 3 cannulae. 1 However, the same study showed that reducing the number of portals might prolong surgical time.…”

“…1,2,7 In a comparative study in dogs undergoing laparoscopic ovariectomy, the use of 2 cannulae significantly lower the postoperative pain score when compared with the use of 1 cannula or 3 cannulae. 1 However, the same study showed that reducing the number of portals might prolong surgical time. The surgical time of dogs that underwent laparoscopic ovariectomy using 1 cannula was significantly longer than when using 2 or 3 cannulae.…”

“…[1][2][3][4][5] Pain after laparoscopy is mostly related to abdominal distention due to pneumoperitoneum, as well as organic and chemical characteristics of the type of gas used. 6 In addition, in human and veterinary surgery, there has been interest in reducing the number and size of portals in endosurgery, in an attempt to reduce postoperative pain.…”