Surgical trainees’ experience of pregnancy, maternity and paternity leave: a cross-sectional study

Mohan, Helen; Ali, Oroog; Gokani, Vimal J.; McGoldrick, Ciara; Smitham, Peter; Fitzgerald, J Edward; Harries, Rhiannon L

doi:10.1136/postgradmedj-2018-135952

Cited by 36 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…[ 132 ] High income United States Questionnaire n = 477 100% No funding 2019 Surgical trainees' experience of pregnancy, maternity and paternity leave: a cross-sectional study. [ 61 ] High income United Kingdom Questionnaire n = 876 (555/321) 63% No funding 2019 An Analysis of Differences in the Number of Children for Female and Male Plastic Surgeons [ 59 ] High income United States Questionnaire n = 757 309/448 41% No funding 2019 Policies and practice regarding pregnancy and maternity leave: An international survey. [ 19 ] Lower middle Upper middle High income United States United Kingdom Canada Nigeria Australia China Sweden Ireland Israel Finland Italy South Africa ° Questionnaire n = 1111 100% No funding 2018 Factors Associated With Residency and Career Dissatisfaction in Childbearing Surgical Residents.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Countries with extended family support systems do not face the same childcare challenges. Nigeria has lower income and low GGGI, but most Nigerian female surgeons were able to have children during residency without barriers (79%), unlike women in the US and UK (28% and 47%, respectively) [ 53 , 61 , 70 ]. With older relatives living in the home, Nigerian women can rely on an extended family system to run households [ 53 , 85 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ten studies evaluated access to childcare and maternity leave policies for female surgeons from only HICs [ 54 , 55 , 57 , 61 – 63 , 66 , 69 – 71 ]. A study by Walsh et al included populations from the US, Canada, the UK, China, Sweden, Australia, Nigeria, and South Africa [ 19 ].…”

Section: Family and Work–life Balancementioning

confidence: 99%

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The experiences of female surgeons around the world: a scoping review

Xepoleas

Munabi²,

Auslander

et al. 2020

Hum Resour Health

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Introduction The Lancet Commission for Global Surgery identified an adequate surgical workforce as one indicator of surgical care accessibility. Many countries where women in surgery are underrepresented struggle to meet the recommended 20 surgeons per 100,000 population. We evaluated female surgeons’ experiences globally to identify strategies to increase surgical capacity through women. Methods Three database searches identified original studies examining female surgeon experiences. Countries were grouped using the World Bank income level and Global Gender Gap Index (GGGI). Results Of 12,914 studies meeting search criteria, 139 studies were included and examined populations from 26 countries. Of the accepted studies, 132 (95%) included populations from high-income countries (HICs) and 125 (90%) exclusively examined populations from the upper 50% of GGGI ranked countries. Country income and GGGI ranking did not independently predict gender equity in surgery. Female surgeons in low GGGI HIC (Japan) were limited by familial support, while those in low income, but high GGGI countries (Rwanda) were constrained by cultural attitudes about female education. Across all populations, lack of mentorship was seen as a career barrier. HIC studies demonstrate that establishing a critical mass of women in surgery encourages female students to enter surgery. In HICs, trainee abilities are reported as equal between genders. Yet, HIC women experience discrimination from male co-workers, strain from pregnancy and childcare commitments, and may suffer more negative health consequences. Female surgeon abilities were seen as inferior in lower income countries, but more child rearing support led to fewer women delaying childbearing during training compared to North Americans and Europeans. Conclusion The relationship between country income and GGGI is complex and neither independently predict gender equity. Cultural norms between geographic regions influence the variability of female surgeons’ experiences. More research is needed in lower income and low GGGI ranked countries to understand female surgeons’ experiences and promote gender equity in increasing the number of surgical providers.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The experiences of female surgeons around the world: a scoping review

Xepoleas

Munabi²,

Auslander

et al. 2020

Hum Resour Health

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“… 26 Poor institutional maternity support has been previously highlighted by plastic surgeons in the United States 27 and by UK surgical trainees. 28 It is essential that Plastic Surgery Departments ensure that they have good quality systems in place to support pregnant trainees, so that they continue to be attracted to the specialty and are able to train safely.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plastic surgery training in the UK: Results from a national survey of trainee experiences

et al. 2020

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Background Plastic surgery training in the UK continues to evolve towards an outcome-based rather than time-served curriculum. UK plastic surgery trainees are appointed nationally, and are assessed according to national standards, but training is delivered regionally. This study sought opinion from current UK plastic surgery trainees in order to highlight strengths and shortcomings of the higher surgical training programme. Method A cross-sectional study was designed and administered by the UK Plastic Surgery Trainees Association (PLASTA). A questionnaire was distributed to all UK plastic surgery trainees holding a National Training Number, using the REDCap web-based application. Results Of the 320 UK plastic surgery trainees, 131 (41%) participated in this survey, with responses from all 12 UK training regions. The most common subspecialty career aspirations for trainees were hand surgery, cleft lip and palate, lower limb and oncoplastic breast reconstruction. The survey highlighted regional variation in teaching programmes, the ability to achieve indicative operative logbook numbers, and training in aesthetic surgery. Of the trainees, 82% expressed a desire to undertake a fellowship within their training, but most did not know whether their deanery would support this. Fifteen per cent of the respondents were currently training flexibly and the majority of these had experienced negative behaviours towards their less than full time working status. Of the respondents, 44% reported stress, 25% reported a lack of autonomy and 17% reported feeling burnt out at work at least once a week. A total of 85% perceived that they did not have access to a mentoring service. Conclusions Plastic surgery remains a popular and highly competitive surgical speciality in the UK, and many trainees reported high levels of satisfaction during their training. Aspects of training that could be improved have been highlighted and recommendations made accordingly.

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“…Physicians often work in environments where they are exposed to various occupational and environmental hazards, including radiation, cytotoxic drugs, anesthetic gases, and infectious materials or blood [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. In addition, physicians also entail long working hours, extended work shifts, and a high workload, thereby they encounter more psychologically and physically stressful conditions [ 4 , 5 ], especially the increasing proportion of female doctors [ 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Labor and Delivery Complications and Delivery Methods Between Physicians and White-Collar Workers

Huang

Lee

Yeh

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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To evaluate labor and delivery complications and delivery modes between physicians and white-collar workers in Taiwan, this retrospective population-based study used data from Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database. We compared 1530 physicians aged 25 to 50 years old who worked and had singleton births between 2007 and 2013 with 3060 white-collar workers matched by age groups, groups of monthly insured payroll-related premiums, previous cesarean delivery, perinatal history anemia, and gestational diabetes mellitus. The logistic regression models were used to assess the labor and delivery complications between the two groups. Multivariate analysis revealed that physicians had a significantly higher risk of placenta previa (odds ratio (OR) 1.35, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.08–1.69) and other malpresentation (OR 1.86, 95% CI 1.45–2.39) than white-collar workers, whereas they had a significantly lower risk of placental abruption (OR 0.53, 95% CI 0.40–0.71), preterm delivery (OR 0.75, 95% CI 0.61–0.92), and premature rupture of membranes (OR 0.72, 95% CI 0.59–0.88). Increased risks of some adverse labor and delivery complications were observed among physicians, when compared to white-collar workers. These findings suggest that working women should take preventative action to manage occupational risks during pregnancy.

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Surgical trainees’ experience of pregnancy, maternity and paternity leave: a cross-sectional study

Cited by 36 publications

References 28 publications

The experiences of female surgeons around the world: a scoping review

The experiences of female surgeons around the world: a scoping review

Plastic surgery training in the UK: Results from a national survey of trainee experiences

Comparison of Labor and Delivery Complications and Delivery Methods Between Physicians and White-Collar Workers

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