Background: Benign tumors of the soft tissues of the hand have their own specifics – the absence of a generally accepted world classification, uniform terminology, as well as criteria for histological identification with a wide variety of options, frequent relapses. During preoperative preparation in routine surgical practice, patients with soft tissue neoplasm of the hand often do not undergo instrumental and full-fledged clinical examinations. In the future, if a relapse occurs, difficulties arise with the choice of a treatment method due to a lack of clinical and instrumental data.
Aim: To determine of the frequency and preferential localization particular qualities of clinical diagnostics and effectiveness of other special methods of research of benign soft tissues of the hand.
Material and methods: Authors performed examination and following surgical treatment of 1355patients with benign soft tissue tumors of the hand and tumor-like processes by ten years period. The diagnostics of the soft tissues benign tumors (STBT) of hand was performed basing on clinical and medical history data, rentgenology findings, ultrasonographic data and postoperative histological studies. When needed MRI was performed in 53patients, CT scans in 15patients, angiography— in 13patients, thermography (TG) and radionuklid (PHM) methods— in 28cases.
Results: Found that the STBT of hand amounted to 563 from 1355cases all tumour-like processes of the hand. The most frequently diagnosed benign sinoviomy— 263 (46.7%), hemangioma— 94 (16.7%), lipoma— 62 (11%), glomangiomy— 28 (5%), fibrolipomy— 26 (4.1%) and the least (3cases (0.5%))— angiofibromiomy, hemangiopericytoma, limphangiomas.
Conclusion: Found that benign tumors of the soft tissues of the hand accounted for 41.5% of all tumors of the hand. The predominant prevalence of benign synoviomas was confirmed. The diagnostic value of mandatory RG and ultrasound before surgical treatment is substantiated, because the coincidence of the preliminary diagnosis at the stage before the instrumental examination and the final diagnosis after histomorphological examination of the entire removed specimen was only in 884cases out of 1355 (65.2%). The feasibility of the widespread use of high-resolution MRI for the differential diagnosis of hand tumors has been determined. The diagnostic value of angiography, computed tomography, thermographic and radionuclide methods in recognizing benign neoplasms of the hand was noted. Performing surgical intervention without first conducting preliminary clinical and instrumental examinations is erroneous. Histomorphological examination of the entire excised tumor must be performed without fail in all cases.