Surgical Treatment of Canine Femoral Fractures - a Review

Lovrić, Lea; Kreszinger, Mario; Pećin, Marko

doi:10.36380/scil.2020.wvj18

Cited by 4 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…In cats, the femur was also the most frequently fractured bone, but there were variations in the prevalence of fractures among tibia or fibula, humerus and radius or ulna. This was in agreement with previous results (Piermattei et al, 2006;Lovrić et al, 2020). Some authors considered the fractures of the radius/ulna to be infrequent accounting for humeral fractures (Chandler and Beale, 2002).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Most of the long bone fractures in dogs and cats occurring in hindlimbs were found in the femur, followed by tibia and fibula. These results were similar to other studies in Thailand (Thengchaisri et al, 2006), India (Shiju et al, 2010), Korea (Minar et al, 2013), Kenya (Rhangani, 2014), Egypt (50.6%) (Elzomor et al, 2014), Philippines (Libardoni et al, 2016) and Austria (Lovrić et al, 2020). However, in the dogs' forelimb, radius and ulna were the bones with the most fractures (Minar et al, 2013;Bennour et al, 2014;Libardoni et al, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…A high incidence of car accidents was due to the high number of animals with access to public roads, and the owners who suppress the containment and protection measures in their homes and during outings (Libardoni et al, 2016). Meanwhile, in cats, traffic accidents followed by falling from heights and cat bites were also the most common causes (Denny and Butterworth, 2000;Senna et al, 2004;Piermattei et al, 2006;Lovrić et al, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is extremely important to carry out retrospective and prospective studies to determine the prevalence of the most common diseases in a given geographic region (Chaves et al, 2014). The incidence of bone fractures in dogs and cats have been reported in different regions of the world (Thengchaisri et al, 2006;Shiju et al, 2010;Minar et al, 2013;Rhangani, 2014;Elzomor et al, 2014;Libardoni et al, 2016 andLovrić et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Incidence of Appendicular Bone Fracture in Dogs and Cats: Retrospective Study at Veterinary Hospital of Cairo University and some Private Clinics in Egypt

Abo-Soliman¹,

Ahmed²,

Farghali³

2020

WVJ

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Appendicular bone fractures in small animal practice constitute a major challenge facing veterinary orthopedic surgeons concerning affected limb and bone as well as the extent of tissue damage, site, and shape of the fracture line. Therefore, this retrospective study was designed to provide descriptive data at referral veterinary teaching hospital, faculty of veterinary medicine, Cairo University, and some private pet clinics in Cairo district, Egypt to identify and determine the prevalence of appendicular fractures arising from trauma in dogs and cats treated from January 2017 to January 2020, and emphasizing the information that characterized the population (breed, age, gender, and animal size). The investigated fractures were classified according to the specific limb (forelimbs / hind limbs), specific bone fractures (Humerus, radius and ulna, femur, tibia and fibula, and the other bones), extent of tissue damage (open or closed and incomplete or complete), site (proximal, diaphyseal or distal zones), number (single or comminuted), and the direction of the fracture line (transverse, oblique or spiral). From the obtained data, it could be concluded that there was a high incidence of the appendicular long bones concerning the different bone fractures with significantly higher records in dogs, compared to cats. The highest records of fracture were in mongrel dogs, and cats as rescued animals. Excluding mongrel dogs and cats, the highest incidence of fracture-cases in dogs was recorded in Miniature breeds and svelte breeds for cats. Male dogs and cats showed a higher incidence than females. The bone fracture mostly occurred in dogs younger than one-year-old, and cats aged one to three years. A fracture in the hindlimbs was more significant than forelimbs with the highest incidence in femoral bone among both dogs and cats. The percentage of open fractures were more common in cats than dogs. Incomplete fractures were recorded more frequently in dogs than cats. In dogs, the most common fractures in the femur, tibia/fibula, humerus, and radius/ulna were complete comminuted diaphyseal femoral, complete oblique diaphyseal tibial/fibular, complete transverse distal humoral, and complete transverse diaphyseal radial/ulnar fractures respectively. Moreover, cats were complete transverse distal femoral, complete oblique diaphyseal tibial/fibular, complete spiral diaphyseal humoral, and complete transverse distal radial/ulnar fractures. In conclusion, appendicular bone fracture among dogs and cats referred to the veterinary teaching hospital, Cairo University and some private clinics in Egypt showed high incidence (87% in dogs and 71.8% in cats) out of total fracture cases and this incidence correlated with some predisposing factors (including breeds, weight, age, and gender) and causative agents that resulted in different types of appendicular fractures.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Incidence of Appendicular Bone Fracture in Dogs and Cats: Retrospective Study at Veterinary Hospital of Cairo University and some Private Clinics in Egypt

Abo-Soliman¹,

Ahmed²,

Farghali³

2020

WVJ

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“…Most of the recommended techniques for the repair of femoral fractures aiming to promote fracture stability with a significant reduction in the local strain at the fracture site (El-Husseiny et al, 2012). It includes intramedullary pinning alone or in combination with cerclage wiring (Howard 1991;Hulse, and Aron, 1994;Aron et al, 1995;Muir, and Johnson, 1996), external skeletal fixation (Farag et al, 2001), tie-in (Gadallah et al, 2009), cross pin, bone plates, interlocking nail (ILN), and plate-rod techniques (Lovrić et al, 2020;Wangchuk et al, 2021). The present study aims to record the incidence of femoral fractures among different breeds of dogs, as well as to evaluate the efficacy of different fixation techniques recommended by variant teaching hospitals and private clinics in Egypt.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retrospective Study on Canine Femoral Fractures: Incidence and Surgical Management

Ahmed

Gadallah²,

Farghali³

et al. 2022

Journal of Current Veterinary Research

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The present study is carried out to record the incidence of femoral fractures among different breeds of dogs, as well as to evaluate different fixation techniques recommended by variant teaching hospitals and private clinics in Egypt. This study was conducted on 654 clinical cases of both genders and different breeds suffering from different femoral fractures which were referred to some teaching hospitals and private pet clinics in Egypt over a period of 5 years. The obtained data regarding animal's age, breed, weight, treatment technique, minor and major complications were analyzed statistically based on client observations survey, clinical records, survey, and sequential follow-up radiographs. Femoral fracture accounts to be 44% of all canine long bone fractures. The diaphysis is mostly affected (64.9%) compared to other parts of the bone as well as, transverse and oblique fractures were reported to be 86.5%. Transverse, oblique, and comminuted diaphyseal femoral fractured were managed successfully using a plate-rod technique (71.4%), IMP alone (79%) or in combination with cerclage wire (77%) respectively. All cases were treated with interlocking nails (ILNs) and showed complete healing without complications. On the other hand, cross pining fixation was the best for the management of distal femoral fractures with a 77.8% success rate.

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Surgical interventions and outcome in a population of canine trauma patients

Fisher,

Adams,

Liss

et al. 2024

J Vet Emergen Crit Care

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ObjectiveTo determine signalment, injury type, trauma severity score, and outcome of canine trauma patients undergoing surgical (emergency room [ER] or operating room [OR]) and nonsurgical treatment in addition to time to surgery, specialty services involved, and cost in the OR surgery population.DesignRetrospective evaluation of medical record and hospital trauma registry data on canine trauma cases.SettingUniversity teaching hospital.AnimalsOne thousand six hundred and thirty dogs presenting for traumatic injury between May 2017 and July 2020.InterventionsNone.Measurements and Main ResultsDemographics and outcome were compared for canine trauma patients undergoing OR surgery (12.8%, 208/1630), ER surgery (39.1%, 637/1630), or no surgical intervention (48.2%, 785/1630). Among the 2 surgical groups, 98.9% (836/845) survived to discharge compared with 92.2% (724/785) of the nonsurgical group (P < 0.0001). The OR surgical group had significantly higher median Animal Trauma Triage scores (2 vs 1, P < 0.0001) and median days in hospital (2 vs < 1, P < 0.0001) compared with the other groups. For the OR surgical cohort, electronic medical records were reviewed to determine the specialty surgery service involved, time to and duration of anesthesia and surgery, and visit cost. The most common surgery services involved were orthopedics (45.2%, 94/208) and general surgery (26.9%, 56/208). Neurology and general surgery cases required the longest median length of stay in hospital, and ophthalmology and dentistry cases required the shortest. The median cost of visit was highest in neurology ($10,032) and lowest in ophthalmology ($2305) and dentistry ($2404).ConclusionsSurgical intervention in canine trauma patients appears to be associated with higher survival rates, and among the surgery groups, mortality was highest in the ER and general surgery groups. OR surgical intervention, in particular general surgery and neurology, was associated with increased length of hospitalization, increased cost, and higher Animal Trauma Triage scores.

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Surgical Treatment of Canine Femoral Fractures - a Review

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Incidence of Appendicular Bone Fracture in Dogs and Cats: Retrospective Study at Veterinary Hospital of Cairo University and some Private Clinics in Egypt

Incidence of Appendicular Bone Fracture in Dogs and Cats: Retrospective Study at Veterinary Hospital of Cairo University and some Private Clinics in Egypt

Retrospective Study on Canine Femoral Fractures: Incidence and Surgical Management

Surgical interventions and outcome in a population of canine trauma patients

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