Surgical treatment of giant thymoma complicated by intrathoracic compression syndrome

Thymic neoplasms account for 20 – 25% of primary mediastinal tumors. Nonspecific clinical symptoms are often associated with delayed diagnosis of thymoma, leading to a distinctive problem of late diagnosis. Nowadays, surgical removal of the tumor is the method of choice for thymoma treatment. Combination treatment is indicated in the case of an unresectable tumor. Modern therapy (various combinations of anticancer drugs) helps reduce neoplasm size, stop metastasis, and maintain good quality of life in patients with thymoma.Aim. The presented clinical case of type B3 thymoma (with invasion into surrounding organs and metastatic pleura) is characterized by a long asymptomatic period of the disease, the onset of symptoms after suffering COVID-19 (COronaVIrus Disease 2019) and successful long-term polychemotherapy. The causes of late diagnosis, as well as insufficient oncologic vigilance in evaluating the results of laboratory and instrumental tests, are discussed based on this clinical case.Conclusion. A correct diagnosis, as well as successful treatment, requires a multidisciplinary approach involving physicians from different specialties – general practitioners, oncologists, surgeons, radiologists, and morphologists.

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Diagnosis and Treatment of Giant Intrathoracic Tumors

Паршин

Koroleva

Паршин

et al. 2023

Tuberk. bolezni lëgk.

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The objective: to determine the indications and possibility of surgical treatment of giant malignant intrathoracic tumors.Subjects and Methods. The authors presents their own experience of treatment of 19 patients with giant malignant intrathoracic tumors.Results. Overall resectability was 79% (15/19 patients). 4 patients underwent combined surgery: in 2 patients, the tumor was removed with resection of a part of the upper lobe of the lung; 1 patient had this left lung resected (pneumoectomy); and 1 patient had type A thymoma, so resection and reconstruction of the pulmonary arterial trunk was performed. Radicality was assessed both during surgery (R2 – in 3 patients) and during morphological testing of surgical specimens (R1 – in 1 patient).Among the operated giant neoplasms of the chest, which did not include lymphomas and extra-gonadal dysgerminogenic tumors, thymoma (7/19; 36.8%) and neoplasms of neurogenic origin (3/19; 31.6%) of varying degrees of differentiation were more often diagnosed.The examination algorithm of these patients and decision-making on surgical tactics are presented. The article discusses access options and technical surgical methods for removing large tumor masses with a specific clinical examples.

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Surgical treatment of giant thymoma complicated by intrathoracic compression syndrome

Cited by 3 publications

References 5 publications

Diagnostic clinical algorithm for mediastinal tumors

Diagnostic clinical algorithm for mediastinal tumors

Diagnosis, combined treatment, and long-term follow-up of a thymoma patient

Diagnosis and Treatment of Giant Intrathoracic Tumors

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