Surgical Treatment of Knee Joint Osteoarthritis

Abstract

he article reports on the effectiveness of various types of surgical interventions for gonarthrosis in the system of staged treatment of patients with osteoarthritis of the knee joint. The first group consisted of 23 patients who underwent arthroscopic revision, debridement of the knee joint with subsequent corrective osteotomy of the tibia or femur due to gonarthrosis. The second group consisted of 22 patients who underwent unicondylar endoprosthesis of the knee joint due to gonarthrosis. The third group consisted of 47 patients who underwent total knee arthroplasty. As a result of surgical treatment of patients with osteoarthritis of the knee joint, it was established that arthroscopy, debridement followed by corrective osteotomy give a good effect and help prepare the joint for further endoprosthetics. Single-condylar endoprosthesis is the operation of choice for patients with an isolated lesion of only one of the knee joints, enabling to preserve enough high level of physical activity. Whereas total endoprosthesis of the knee joint in patients with gonarthrosis III - IV stages allows to achieve positive treatment results in 93.2% of patients and is an effective surgical intervention that allows to significantly reduce the pain syndrome, improve the function of the knee joint and thereby improve the quality of life in this category of patients.