Primary closure of large ventricular septal defects was performed in 57 patients ranging in age from 1 to 24 months during an 11‐year period. Weight of patients ranged from 2.5 to 12.2 kg (mean, 6.6±0.9 kg). Shunt flow was large with mean Qp/Qs, 3.5±0.5. It was possible to close the defect by the transatrial approach in 86% of patients using a prosthetic patch attached to the ventricular septum by continuous polypropylene suture (89%). Early mortality of 5% and late mortality of 2% and excellent functional results in 93% suggest that this approach is appropriate.