Surgical treatment of shoulder pain: a focused study on rotator cuff injury

Abstract

Background: Shoulder pain is a common problem nowadays. With the increase in sports activities and an ageing population, the number of patients with shoulder pain is also increasing. The cause of shoulder pain is very complicated. Most shoulder pain is caused by rotator cuff disease, adhesive capsulitis, joint instability, calcific tendinitis, biceps problem, degenerative osteoarthritis, or rheumatoid arthritis. This article aims to identify and describe various surgical treatment methods and prognosis associated with rotator cuff disease.Current Concepts: The initial treatment for rotator cuff disease is conservative with rehabilitative exercise therapy. Patients who do not respond to conservative treatment require appropriate surgical treatment. The surgical treatment methods differ depending on the lesions. The surgical treatment can be classified as: open rotator cuff repair, arthroscopic rotator cuff repair, and reverse total shoulder arthroplasty. If patients do not receive the appropriate surgical treatment, there will be irreversible changes in the patient’s shoulder joint. Besides, the prognosis of the disease would also not be good for any other treatment.Discussion and Conclusion: For the best prognosis of patients, it is important to choose an appropriate treatment method after an accurate diagnosis as per the patient’s conditions.